VTU FM Notes

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FLUID MECHANICS
LAMINAR FLOW AND VISCOUS FLOWS
Viscosity plays an important role.
Low velocity flows.
Laminar flow - where each fluid layer glides over the adjacent layer.
Shear stress (τ) = µ(du/dy).
Ex., Flow of viscous fluid through circular pipe, two parallel plates, bearings etc.,
NO SLIP CONDITION
In ideal fluids, when fluid passes over a boundary, it slips over the boundary
and velocity distribution is uniform over the boundary.
In real fluids, due to viscosity, there is no relative motion between the boundary and
fluid. The fluid at the boundary has the same velocity as the boundary – This is
known as “No Slip Condition”.
In a real fluid flow with stationary boundary, the velocity is zero at the
boundary and increases as we go away from the boundary. This change in velocity
gives rise to a velocity gradient and hence the viscous shear resistance opposing the
motion. Due to this resistance to motion, power is required to maintain flow of real
fluids. Hence, in many fluid flow problems, effect of viscosity cannot be neglected
near the boundaries.
LAMINAR AND TURBULENT FLOWS
Depending upon the relative magnitudes of the viscous forces and inertia
forces, flow can exist in two types- Laminar Flow and Turbulent Flow

Visvesvaraya Technological University (VTU) FM (Fluid Mechanics) paper notes

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