BA Degree in Kerala MG University

When the admission for BA degree from MG University is expected to start? What is the process is there any entrance or its just cut off list sufficient to get the admission?

Mahatma Gandhi University, which is also known as M G University, was established on 2 October 1983 in Kottayam.

The University, has been accredited by the National Assessment and Accreditation Council, India.

Here I am providing you its BA degree syllabus below:-

Bachelor of Arts (BA)

1st year

Subjects:-

General English

Microeconomics

History of India from Earliest Times to 1206

Foundation of Political Science

Representative of Indian Political Thinker

Elements of Public Administration

Syllabus Mahatma Gandhi University:-

YEAR I
BAG11 --- GENERAL ENGLISH
A. Grammer Proficiency
Parts of Speech: Part Two
1. Tenses: Present, Past, Future, Uses of the Tenses
2. The Adverb: Kind, Formation, Position
3. Preposition and Conjunction
4. Analysis of Simple Sentences
5. Introduction to Phrasal Verbs
B. Oral Proficiency
1. Pronunciation: Phonetics - elementary; Accent, Neutrality. An exercise to neutralize the native accent, diction
exercises.
2. Speaking impromptu; Continuous speaking (with gradual).
3. Telephone speaking skills.
BAG12 --- Microeconomics

UNIT – I:
Introduction
Definition, Nature and scope of economics; Methodology in economics; choice as an economic problem; basic
postulates; Role of price mechanism; Demand and supply; Basic framework-applications; Equilibrium of Market.

UNIT – II:
Theory of Consumer’s Behaviour
Utility analysis - Cardinal and ordinal approaches; Indifference curve analysis; Consumer's equilibrium (Hicks
and
Slutsky); Price substitution and Income effects; Normal, inferior and giffen goods; Price consumption curve and
derivation of demand curve; Compensated demand; Elasticity of demand-Price, income and cross; consumer's
surplus;
Engle curve.

UNIT – III:
Theory of Production and Costs
Objectives of a firm; Production function; Iso-quant, factor substitution; law of variable proportions; returns to
scale;
economics of scale; different concepts of cost and their interrelation; Equilibrium of the firm; Expansion path.

UNIT – IV:
Market Structure
Market forms - Perfect and imperfect market; Equilibrium of a firm- Perfect competition, monopoly and price
discrimination, Measure of monopoly power, Monopolistic competition, Duopoly, Oligopoly (Kinked demand
curve);
Taxation and equilibrium of a firm, Notion of controlled and administered prices.
UNIT – V:
Factor Pricing
Marginal productivity theory of distribution; Factor pricing under perfect and imperfect competition in labour
market;

Ricardian Theory of rent; Modern theory of rent and quasi-rent; Classical theory of interest; Liquidity
preference
theory of interest; Risk and uncertainty theory of profit.

BAG13 --- History of India from Earliest Times to 1206

UNIT- I (Introduction)
Main sources of Ancient Indian History; Influence of Geography on History; Features of Indus civilization; The
Aryan
Problem; Vedic Polity and Economic life; The rise of Mahajanpadas to Nandas; Magadha dynasty.
UNIT- II (The Mauryan Empire)
Chandragupta Maurya; Dhamma Chakravarti Ashoka – his Policy and Dhamma; Mauryan Administration,
Factors
leading to disintigration of the Mauryan Empire.

UNIT- III (The Post-Mauryan India)
Age of Satavahanas and Foreign Powers: contribution and achievements of (i) Pushyamitra Sunga (ii)
Gautamiputra
Shatkarni, (iii) Rudradaman-I, (iv) Kanishka-I, Economic progress in the Pre-Gupta period with special reference
to
trade and commerce.

UNIT- IV (The Gupta Dynasty)
Early History of the Gupta dynasty up to Chandra Gupta-I, Samudra Gupta, Chandra Gupta-II, Skanda Gupta;
Features
of Gupta administration, emergence of scientific view of the world.
UNIT- V (The Post-Gupta Period)
Establishment and expansion of Vardhan Empire – Harsha, Features of Chola-Chaulukya administration.
Achievements
of (i) Vigraharaja Chahamana; (ii) Kumarapala Chaulukya and (iii) Bhoja Paramara–Factors leading to
disintegration
of Rajput States.

BAG14 --- Foundation of Political Science

Unit–I (Introduction)
Nature and Scope; Traditional and Contemporary Perspective of Political Science; Inter-disciplinary Approach to
the
study of political science; Relation of Political Science with other Social Sciences (Economics, History,
Geography
and Psychology).

Unit–II (Approaches and Concepts)
Behaviouralism; System approach; Functional approach–Power, Authority, Legitimacy; Political System; Political
Development, Political Modernization.

Introduction; Political Parties and Pressure groups; Theories of representation; Rule of Law and
Constitutionalism.

Unit–IV (Government)
Organs of Government and their functions (with reference to recent trends)
Unit–V (Political obligation and Theories of State Action)
Idealism; Individualism; Evolutionary socialism–Fabianism and democratic socialism; Marxism; Fascism; Gandhism.

BAG15 --- REPRESENTATIVE INDIAN POLITICAL THINKERS
Unit – I (Ancient Political Thinkers)
Manu-Varnadharma and Dandaneeti; Kautilya – theory of kingship, a moral state craft, mandal theory; Shukra.

Unit – II (Reformist Thinkers)
Raja Ram Mohan Roy; Swami Dayanand Saraswati; Swami Vavekanand.

Unit – III (Modern Thinkers)
Gopal Krishan Gokale; Bal Gangadhar Tilak; Mohan Das Karam Chand Gandhi–Ahimsa, satyagrah, Swaraj,
Village democracy, trusteeship.

Unit- IV (Radical Thinkers)
Sri Aurobindo Ghosh; Savarkar.

Unit – V (Contemporary)
Jawaharlal Nehru – democratic socialism; Bhim Rao Ambedkar – Annihilation of caste; M.N. Roy – Radical
humanism, Jai Prakash Narain – theory of total revolution.

BAG16 --- Elements of Public Administration
Unit – I
Introduction
Meaning, Nature and Scope of Public Administration; Public Administration and Private Administration; Public
Administration Arts, Science or both; Public Administration and its relations with other Social Sciences;
Approaches to Public Administration.

Unit – II
Principles of Organization
Organization; Bases of organization; Principles of organization; Hierarchy; Span of control; Unity of command;
Delegation of Authority; Co-Ordination; Integration Vs Disintegration; Centralization Vs Decentralization.

Unit – III
Structure of Administration
Chief Executive; Types of chief executive; Line and Staff; Supervision, Delegation, Leadership, Communication,
Decision making; Morale and Motivation.

Unit- IV
Administrative Ethics
Concept of Administrative Ethic, Essential Elements of Administrative Ethics, Integrity in Administration, Causes
of decline of integrity in administration.

Unit – V
Personnel Administration
Meaning and nature of Bureaucracy; Civil Service and its role in a developing society; classification,
Recruitment, Training, Promotion, Disciplinary action.

YEAR II
BAG21 --- ENGLISH LANGUAGE-III
UNIT 1 PHRASES AND CLAUSES
1.0 Introduction
1.1 Unit Objectives
1.2 Adverb Phrases
1.2.1 Some Important Adverbial Phrases

1.3 Adjective Phrases
1.4 Adverb Clauses
1.4.1 Adverb Clause of Time
1.4.2 Adverb Clause of Place
1.4.3 Adverb Clause of Reason
1.4.4 Adverb Clause of Condition
1.5 Adjective Clause

UNIT 2 COMPOUND AND COMPLEX SENTENCES AND TRANSFORMATION OF SENTENCES
2.0 Introduction
2.1 Unit Objectives
2.2 Compound and Complex Sentences
2.2.1 Simple Sentence; 2.2.2 Compound Sentence
2.2.3 Complex Sentence; 2.2.4 Compound-Complex Sentence
2.3 Analysis of Compound and Complex Sentences
2.3.1 Analysis of Compound Sentences; 2.3.2 Analysis of Complex Sentences
2.4 Transformation of Sentences
2.4.1 Sentences with the Adverb ‘Too’
2.4.2 Interchange of the Degree of Comparison
2.4.3 Interchange of Active and Passive Voices
2.4.4 Interchange of Affirmative and Negative Sentences
2.4.5 Interchange of Interrogative and Assertive Sentences
2.4.6 Interchange of Exclamatory and Assertive Sentences
2.4.7 Change one Part of a Sentence for Another Part
2.4.8 Transform a Simple Sentence into a Compound Sentence
2.4.9 Transform a Compound Sentence into a Simple Sentence
2.4.10 Transform a Simple Sentence into a Complex Sentence

2.4.11 Transform a Complex Sentence into a Simple Sentence

UNIT 3 ESSAY WRITING
3.0 Introduction
3.1 Unit Objectives
3.2 Essay vs Composition
3.2.1 Order and Organization; 3.2.2 Main Body; 3.2.3 Conclusion
3.3 Types of Essays
3.3.1 Descriptive Essay; 3.3.2 Expository Essay; 3.3.3 Discursive Essay
3.3.4 Imaginative Essay; 3.3.5 Narrative Essay
3.4 Hints on Essay Writing
3.5 Summary
3.6 Answers to ‘Check Your Progress’
3.7 Questions and Exercises
3.8 Further Reading

UNIT 4 PRÉCIS WRITING
4.0 Introduction
4.1 Unit Objectives
4.2 Benefits of Précis Writing
4.3 Steps for Writing a Précis
4.4 Précis Samples

UNIT 5 SYNONYMS AND ANTONYMS
5.0 Introduction
5.1 Unit Objectives
5.2 Synonyms

5.2.1 Examples of Synonyms; 5.2.2 Use Easy Words
5.3 Antonyms
5.3.1 Examples of Antonyms; 5.3.2 Frequently used Antonyms
5.4 Synonyms and Antonyms in Sentences
UNIT 6 PUBLIC SPEAKING
6.0 Introduction
6.1 Unit Objectives
6.2 Public Speaking
6.2.1 Elements of Good Public Speaking
6.3 Extempore Speaking
6.3.1 Structure of an Extempore Speech
6.4 Techniques of Good Extempore Speaking
6.4.1 Voice; 6.4.2 Manner and Appearance
6.5 Tips on Performance

UNIT 7 FORMAL AND INFORMAL CONVERSATION
7.0 Introduction
7.1 Unit Objectives
7.2 Courteous Talk
7.2.1 Common Courtesies you can use while Talking
7.2.2 Courtesy as a Virtue; 7.2.3 Types of Conversations
7.2.4 Courtesy while Talking
7.3 Small Talk
7.3.1 Making Small Talk with Strangers
7.4 Business Meets
7.5 Party Talk
7.5.1 Icebreakers
7.6 Negotiation Skills
7.6.1 Types of Negotiations; 7.6.2 Techniques of Negotiation

7.6.3 Skills of a Successful Negotiator

UNIT 8 VOCABULARY
8.0 Introduction
8.1 Unit Objectives
8.2 Origin of Vocabulary
8.2.1 Origin of Words
8.3 Importance of Vocabulary
8.3.1 Teach Children to Read at an Early Age
8.3.2 A Good Vocabulary Reflects on your Personality
8.3.3 Is it Important to Possess a Good Vocabulary?
8.4 Enriching Your Vocabulary
8.4.1 How to Learn New Words
8.5 Techniques to Improve your Vocabulary
BAG22 --- Indian Economy
UNIT 1 INDIAN ECONOMY IN PRE-BRITISH AND PRE-INDEPENDENCE ERA
1.1 Indian Economy in the Pre-British Period
1.1.1 Structure and Organization of Villages and Towns
1.1.2 Structure and Organization of Industries and Handicrafts
1.2 Indian Economy in Pre-Independence Era
1.2.1 Land System and Changes Done by British Administration
1.2.2 Commercialization of Agriculture

1.2.3 Theory of Drain of Wealth
1.2.4 Laissez Faire Theory and Critique
1.2.5 Manufacturing and Transportation Industries
1.2.6 Money and Credit Policies
UNIT 2 STRUCTURE OF INDIAN ECONOMY
2.1 Basic Features of Indian Economy
2.1.1 Main Features of Indian Economy
2.2 Natural Resources—Land, Water and Forest Cover
2.2.1 Land Resources in India
2.2.2 Water Resources in India
2.2.3 Forest Resources in India
2.3 Broad Demographic Features
2.3.1 Polulation Size and Growth Rate
2.3.2 Sex Composition
2.3.3 Rural-Urban Migration
2.3.4 Occupational Distribution
2.3.5 Problem of Over Population
2.3.6 Population Policy of Government
2.4 Infrastructure Development in India
2.5 India’s National Income
2.5.1 Meaning of National Income
2.5.2 Gross Domestic Product (GDP)
2.5.3 Gross National Product (GNP)
2.5.4 Net National Product (NNP)
2.5.5 National Income at Market Price and National Income at Factor Cost

UNIT 3 INDIAN AGRICULTURE AND INDUSTRY
3.1 Indian Agriculture
3.1.1 Importance of Agriculture in Indian Economy
3.1.2 Sources of Growth in Agriculture
3.1.3 Institutional Reforms in Indian Agriculture
3.1.4 Agricultural Cost and Product Pricing
3.1.5 Agricultural Marketing
3.1.6 Agriculture and WTO
3.2 Indian Industry
3.2.1 Structure and Growth of Indian Industry
3.2.2 Industrial Policies of 1956 and 1991
3.2.3 Industrial Licensing Policy
3.2.4 MRTP Act
3.2.5 FERA and FEMA
3.2.6 Growth and Problems of Small-Scale Industries
3.2.7 Role of Public Sector Enterprises in India’s Industrilization
UNIT 4 PLANNING IN INDIA
4.1 From Central Planning to Indicative Planning
4.1.1 Central or Centralized Planning
4.1.2 Indicative Planning
4.1.3 Relation between Planning and Markets for Growth and Decentralized Planning
4.2 Current Five-Year Plan: Objective, Allocation and Targets
4.3 New Economic Reforms
4.3.1 Liberalization
4.3.2 Privatization

4.3.3 Globalization
4.3.4 Rationale behind Economic Reforms
4.3.5 Progress of Privatization and Globalization
UNIT 5 EXTERNAL SECTOR
5.1 Foreign Trade and India
5.1.1 WTO and India
5.1.2 Trends in Exports and Imports
5.1.3 Balance of Payment Crisis
5.2 New Economic Reforms for Foreign Trade
5.2.1 Export Promotion Measures
5.2.2 New Trade Policies
5.3 Foreign Capital
5.3.1 FDI
5.3.2 Foreign Aid
5.4 MNCs and their Impact on Indian Economy
5.4.1 The Relevance of Swadeshi
5.5 Issues of Concern in Indian Economy
5.5.1 Poverty and Inequality
5.5.2 Unemployment
5.5.3 Rising Price
5.5.4 Industrial Relations
BAG23 --- Outline History of Modern World
UNIT 1 RENAISSANCE: THE DAWN OF A NEW AGE
1.1 Renaissance
1.1.1 Causes of Renaissance
1.1.2 The Age of Discovery
1.1.3 Origin of Renaissance in Italy
1.1.4 Impact of Renaissance on Art
1.1.5 Renaissance and Literature
1.1.6 Renaissance and Science
1.1.7 Other Effects of Renaissance
1.2 The Reformation
1.2.1 Meaning of Reformation
1.2.2 The Causes of the Reformation
1.2.3 The Counter Reformation
1.3 Geographical Discoveries
1.3.1 Vasco Da Gama
1.3.2 Ferdinand Magellan
1.3.3 Marco Polo
1.4 Colonialism
1.4.1 Colonialism, Imperialism and Mercantilism
1.4.2 Types of Colonialism
1.4.3 Neo-colonialism
1.4.4 Colonialism and Geography
1.4.5 Colonialism and Imperialism
1.4.6 The Commercial Revolution
1.4.7 Geopolitical Factors
1.4.8 Monetary Factors
1.4.9 Technological Factors

1.5 Modern World Economy
1.5.1 The Reformation
1.5.2 Homelessness, Poverty and Class Struggle
1.5.3 Capitalism
1.5.4 The Development of Trade and Commerce
1.6 The American War of Independence
1.6.1 The War of the Revolution 1775 to 1783
1.6.2 The American War at a Glance
1.6.3 Factors that Led to the American War of Independence
1.6.4 British Armies and Auxiliaries
1.6.5 Consequences of the American Revolution
1.6.6 The Far reaching Results of the American War
1.7 Martin Luther King: The Personality
1.7.1 Early Life of Martin Luther
1.7.2 Dispute over Indulgences
1.7.3 The Reforms
1.7.4 The Period of Struggle
1.7.5 How Luther Felt
1.7.6 At the End of His Life
UNIT 2 BEGINNING OF REVOLUTION
2.1 French Revolution of 1789: Causes and Consequences
2.1.1 Causes of the Revolution
2.2 States-General of 1789
2.3 National Constituent Assembly (1789–1791)
2.3.1 The National Assembly: 1789–1791 Events
2.3.2 Tennis Court Oath
2.3.3 The Storming of the Bastille
2.3.4 Structure in the Summer of 1789
2.3.5 Declaration of the Rights of Man
2.3.6 The Wealthy Bourgeois Come to Power
2.3.7 The Varennes Crisis
2.3.8 The Overthrow of the Monarchy
2.3.9 The Struggle between the Jacobins and the Girondins
2.3.10 The Uprising of May 31–June 2, 1793
2.4 National Convention (1792–1795)
2.4.1 Execution of Louis XVI
2.4.2 Economy
2.5 Working towards a Constitution
2.5.1 French Revolution from the Abolition of Feudalism to the
Civil Constitution of the Clergy
2.5.2 Women’s March on Versailles
2.5.3 Revolution and the Church
2.5.4 Constitutional Crisis
2.6 Revolutionary Democratic Dictatorship
2.6.1 Revolutionary Democratic Dictatorship of Jacobins
2.6.2 The Solution of the Agrarian Problem
2.6.3 The Constitution of 1793
2.6.4 Establishment of the Revolutionary Democratic
Dictatorship: The Reign of Terror
2.6.5 The Revolutionary Government

2.7 The Turning Point in the War
2.7.1 The Crisis of the Jacobin Dictatorship
2.7.2 The Counter—Revolutionary Coup of 9 Thermidor
2.7.3 Lafayette and the National Guard
2.7.4 The Great Fear
NIT 3 AGE OF REVOLUTION
3.1 Capitalism
3.1.1 The Introduction of Machines
3.1.2 Capitalism: Meaning and Definition
3.1.3 Socialism: The Position of the Working Class
3.1.5 Free Market Economy
3.1.6 Result of Industrial Capitalism
3.2 The Industrial Revolution
3.2.1 Causes of the Industrial Revolution
3.2.2 Major Propellers of the Industrial Revolution
3.2.3 Spread of the Industrial Revolution: United States
3.3 Napoleon Bonaparte
3.3.1 The Personality
3.4 French Revolution of 1848
3.4.1 Napoleon
3.4.2 French Middle Class Watched Changes
3.4.3 The Second Republic
3.4.4 The Rise of the Conservatism within the Second Republic
3.4.5 Class Struggle within the Revolution
3.4.6 The End of the Revolution in France
3.5 The Unification of Germany and Italy with Reference to Crimean War
3.5.1 Unification of Germany
3.5.2 Process of Unification
3.5.3 Unification of Italy
3.5.4 Crimean War
3.5.5 Berlin Settlements
UNIT 4 FEUDALISM AND IMPERIALISM
4.1 Feudalistic Structure of Society
4.1.1 Invaders Attacked Western Europe
4.1.2 Feudalism in Europe
4.1.3 A New Social Order: Feudalism
4.1.4 The Feudal Pyramid
4.1.5 Well-defined Social Classes
4.1.6 Manors: The Economic Side of Feudalism
4.1.7 The Roman Empire
4.1.8 The Late Twentieth Century Model of Feudalism
4.2 Imperialism in Asia and Africa
4.2.1 European Explorations of Asia
4.2.2 Portuguese, French and British Competition in India
4.2.3 Mughal Rule in India was at Stake
4.2.4 The Transition from Formal to Imperialism
4.2.5 Rise of Indian Nationalism: The Indian National Congress
4.2.6 French and Indo-China
4.2.7 The Expansion of Russian Empire
4.2.8 World War I: Revolution in Imperialism

4.3 The First World War
4.3.1 The Conflict
4.3.2 The Trigger of the War
4.3.3 Defeat of Four Major Imperial Powers
4.3.4 Miscommunication among the Central Powers
4.3.5 The Causes of the First World War
4.3.6 The Complication of Alliances
4.4 Bolshevik Revolution
4.4.1 Background
4.4.2 The Revolution
4.5 Treaty of Versailles
4.5.1 Germany to Accept Reparations
4.5.2 Negotiations
4.5.3 A Council of Ten
4.5.4 Important Changes in Territories
4.5.5 The Issue of Shandong
4.5.6 The Creation of International Organizations
4.5.7 Reactions among the Allies
4.5.8 Violations to the Treaty
4.6 Nazism and Fascism
4.6.1 Jews were the Greatest Threat to the Nazis
4.6.2 National Socialism
4.6.3 Denazification
4.6.4 Relation with Fascism
4.6.5 Fasicm and Nazism
UNIT 5 FINAL YEARS
5.1 The Second World War
5.1.1 The Civil Wars
5.1.2 European Occupations and Agreements
5.1.3 The Start of the War
5.1.4 War Breaks Out in Europe
5.1.5 Axis Advances
5.1.6 The End of the War
5.1.7 Establishment of the United Nations
5.1.8 Major causes of the Second World War
5.2 League of Nations
5.2.1 Its Origin
5.2.2 The Goals
5.2.3 The Span
5.2.4 Principal Organs
5.2.5 Members
5.2.6 Resolving Territorial Disputes
5.3 The United Nations Organization
5.3.1 The Idea
5.3.2 The Origination
5.3.3 Establishment
5.3.4 The High Hopes
5.3.5 The Aim
5.3.6 The Six Principal Organs
5.3.7 Legal Basis of Establishment

5.3.8 The General Assembly
5.3.9 UN Headquarters in New York City
5.3.10 Structure and Associated Organizations
5.4 Emergence of China, Japan and Turkey as Modern Nations
5.4.1 Introduction: Nation or Nation State
5.4.2 Eric Hobsbawm
5.4.3 Bendict Anderson
5.4.4 Nation States and their Characteristics
5.4.5 Growth of Japan as a Nation State
5.4.6 Growth of China as a Nation State
5.4.7 Growth of Turkey as a Nation State
BAG24 --- Select Political System
UNIT 1 GOVERNMENT OF THE UNITED KINGDOM
1.1 Salient Features of the British Constitution
1.1.1 Parliamentary Democracy
1.1.2 Background
1.1.3 Magna Carta and House of Commons
1.1.4 British Constitution
1.1.5 British Monarchy
1.1.6 Constitutional Role
1.1.7 Prime Minister’s Appointment
1.1.8 Dissolution of Parliament
1.1.9 Royal Prerogative
1.2 The King and the Crown
1.2.1 Distinctions between King and Crown
1.2.2 Succession to the Throne
1.2.3 Powers of the Crown
1.3 Reasons for the Survival of Monarchy in Britain
1.3.1 An Ideal Head of State
1.3.2 Drawbacks
1.3.3 Case of the Republican
1.3.4 Abolition of the British Monarchy
1.4 The British Cabinet and the Prime Minister
1.4.1 The Cabinet
1.4.2 The Cabinet Council
1.4.3 Working of the Cabinet
1.4.4 The Modern Cabinet
1.4.5 The Prime Minister
1.5 The British Speaker
1.5.1 Powers and Functions of Speaker
1.5.2 Election of the Speaker
1.5.3 Comparison with the American Speaker
1.6 The Committee System
1.6.1 Select Committees
1.6.2 Joint Committees
1.6.3 General Committees (Including Public Bill Committees)
1.6.4 Grand Committees
1.7 The Process of Law Making

1.8 The Rule of Law
1.8.1 Principles of Judicial Appointments
1.8.2 Types of Judges
1.9 Major Political Parties in Britain
1.9.1 Changing Nature of Partly Politics
1.9.2 Role in the Advancement of Parliamentary Democracy
1.9.3 Political Participation
1.9.4 Major Parties in the House of Commons
UNIT 2 GOVERNMENT OF THE UNITED STATES
2.1 Main Characteristics of the US Constitutional System
2.1.1 Conservative Political Tradition of the US
2.1.2 Main Four Features of US Constitution
2.2 The US Federalism
2.3 The US President
2.3.1 Election Procedure
2.3.2 The Succession
2.3.3 Powers and Functions of the President
2.4 The US Congress: The Senate and the House of Representativesthe Senate and
the House of Representatives
2.4.1 The Senate
2.4.2 The Text of the Standing Rules
2.4.3 The Senate Parliamentarian
2.4.4 House of Representatives
2.4.5 Legislative Procedures and Comparisons with the Senate
2.5 The US Speaker
2.6 The US Committee System
2.7 The Legislative Process in the Congress
2.8 The Judiciary and Process of Judicial Review
2.8.1 Federal Judiciary
2.8.2 Supreme Court
2.8.3 Judicial Review
2.8.4 Theory and Separation of Powers: Checks and Balances
2.8.5 Theory of Checks and Balance
2.9 The US Party System: Major Political Parties
2.9.1 The Place of Parties in the Political System
2.9.2 Concepts of Various Scholars
2.9.3 The Relevance of Parties for Democracy
2.9.4 The US Party System
2.10 Pressure Groups in US
UNIT 3 POLITICAL SYSTEM OF SWITZERLAND
3.1 Salient Features of the Swiss Constitution
3.1.1 Liberalism
3.1.2 Citizen’s Rights
3.1.3 Plural Executive
3.1.4 Secondary Position of the Judiciary
3.1.5 Bicameral Legislature
3.1.6 A Dynamic Constitution
3.2 Federal Assembly
3.2.1 Composition of National Council
3.2.2 Tenure and Sessions

3.2.3 Debates in the House
3.2.4 President of the Council
3.2.5 No Official Opposition
3.2.6 Council of States
3.2.7 Functioning of the House
3.2.8 Legislative Procedure
3.2.9 Powers of the Federal Assembly
3.2.10 General Supervision over Federal Administration
3.3 Federal Council
3.3.1 A Plural Executive
3.3.2 Lengthy Tenure
3.3.3 Non-Partisan
3.3.4 Peculiar Position of the Chairman of the Council
3.3.5 Neither Parliamentary, nor Presidential
3.3.6 Peculiar Relations between Federal Council and Federal Assembly
3.3.7 Organization and Functions of the Council
3.3.8 The Civil Service in Switzerland
3.3.9 The Federal Secretariat (Chancellery)
3.4 Direct Democracy in Switzerland
3.4.1 Landsgemeinde
3.4.2 Optional Referendum
3.4.3 Initiative
3.4.4 A Critical Estimate of Working of Referendum
3.4.5 Working of the Initiative
3.4.6 Political Parties in Switzerland
UNIT 4 GOVERNMENT OF FRANCE
4.1 Salient Features of Constitution of the Fifth Republic of France
4.2 Fundamental Rights and French Executive
4.2.1 Fundamental Rights
4.2.2 The President
4.2.3 The Prime Minister
4.2.4 Council of Ministers
4.3 The French Parliament
4.3.1 Composition
4.3.2 Members of Parliament and their Privileges
4.3.3 Sessions
4.3.4 The Presidents
4.3.5 Powers and Functions of the French Parliament
4.3.6 Parliamentary Sovereignty and Some Limitations
4.3.7 Legislative Procedure
4.3.8 Organic Laws
4.3.9 Budget
4.3.10 Relations between the Two Houses
4.3.11 Relation between the Government and the Parliament
4.4 Judiciary, Party System, Bureaucracy and Administrative Law
4.4.1 The Judiciary
4.4.2 The Party System
4.4.3 Bureaucracy and Administrative Law
UNIT 5 THE GOVERNMENT AND PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
5.1 The Chinese Revolution

5.1.1 The Early 1900’s Reforms
5.1.2 Sun Yat-Sen
5.1.3 Yüan Shih-kai
5.1.4 The Revolution of 1911
5.1.5 The Ch’ing Abdication
5.1.6 The Kuomintang
5.1.7 The Period of Warlordism (1916-1927)
5.2 Important Features of the Present Constitution of China
5.2.1 Political Traditions in China
5.2.2 Other Political Ideologies
5.2.3 The Cultural Revolution
5.2.4 The President
5.2.5 President, his Functions and the Vice-President
5.3 State Structure: The National People’s Congress
5.3.1 The Organization of the National People’s Congress
5.3.2 Functions of the National People’s Congress
5.3.3 The Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress
5.3.4 Other Committees and Commissions of Inquiry
5.3.5 The State Council
5.4 The Judiciary or ‘The Supreme People’s Court’ Supreme People’s Court
5.4.1 Supreme Court and the Chinese Judicial System
5.4.2 Functions of the Supreme People’s Court
5.5 The Party System: The Communist Party of China
5.6 Deng Xiaoping and Huchin Tav: Liberalization Policies of China
5.6.1 Comparison of Economic Liberalization in China and Other Developing Countries
5.6.2 China’s Key Economic Reform Strategies
5.7 Market Socialism of China
5.8 China’s Attempts to Become an Industrial Giant in Asia
BAG25 --- Administrative Institution in India
UNIT 1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Nature and Importance of Administrative Institutions in a democracy Like India
1.1.1 Nature of Administrative Institutions
1.1.2 Importance of Administrative Institution
1.2 Theory of Laissez-Faire
1.2.1 Exponents of the Theory
1.2.2 Recent Developments
1.3 Welfare State
1.3.1 Defi nitions of a Welfare State
1.3.2 Features of a Welfare State
1.3.3 Aims of a Welfare State
1.3.4 Functions of Welfare State
1.3.5 Concept of a Welfare State
1.3.6 Welfare Activities of the State in the Modern Times
1.3.7 Optimal or Welfare Activities/Functions
1.3.8 Developmental Activities
1.3.9 India as a Modern Welfare State
1.4 Administrative State
1.4.1 Structural Specialization

1.4.3 Interaction
1.4.4 Individuals within Institutions
1.4.5 Offi cial Role
1.4.6 Personal Stakes
1.4.7 Professionalization
1.5 Governance
1.5.1 Good Governance
1.5.2 Governance and Good Governance
1.5.3 Good Governance Initiatives: The Indian Context
1.5.4 Promoting Good Governance
1.5.5 Interrelation between Good Governance and Administrative Organs
UNIT 2 ORGANS OF THE GOVERNMENT
2.1 The Union Legislature
2.2 Functions of Legislature
2.3 Decline of Legislature
2.4 Executive
2.4.1 Meaning and Types of Executive
2.4.2 Composition of Executive
2.4.3 Functions of the Executive
2.4.4 Increasing Role of the Executive
2.5 Judiciary
2.6 Organization of The Judiciary in General
2.6.1 The Supreme Court
2.7 Concept of judicial Review
2.7.1 Judiciary and Democratic Process Context of Judicial Review in India
2.7.2 Judicial Review in India
2.7.3 Doctrine of Judicial under the Constitution
2.7.4 Judicial Review of the Constitutional Amendments
2.7.5 Judicial Review of Legislative Enactments and Ordinances
2.7.6 Judicial of Laws Inserted in the 9th Schedule of the Constitution
2.7.7 Principles of Judicial Review
UNIT 3 DEMOCRATIC ADMINISTRATION
3.1 Democratic Administration
3.1.1 Interaction between Democracy and Administration
3.2 Bureaucracy
3.2.1 Characteristics of Bureaucracy
3.2.2 Challenges to Weber’s Concept of Bureaucracy
3.2.3 Relationship between Bureaucracy and Democracy
3.2.4 Weber’s Ideas on Bureaucracy’s Role in a Democracy
3.2.5 Role of Bureaucracy in a Democracy Like India
3.3 Pressure Groups in Indian Politics
3.4 Pressure Groups: Meaning and Defi nitions
3.5 Signifi cance and Role of Pressure Groups
3.6 Pressure Group Techniques
3.7 Salient Features of the Indian Model of Pressure Groups
UNIT 4 SOME OTHER IMPORTANT INSTITUTIONS
4.1 The Finance Commission
4.1.1 Formation of Finance Commission
4.1.2 Qualifi cations for Appointment and the Manner of Selection

4.1.3 Functions and Powers of the Finance Commission
4.2 The Planning Commission
4.2.1 Functions of the Planning Commission
4.2.2 Organization of the Planning Commission
4.2.3 Advisory Bodies
4.2.4 Structure of the Planning Commission
4.3 The National Development council (Rashtriyavikas Parishad)
4.3.1 Structure of NDC
4.3.2 Committees of NDC
4.3.3 Evaluation
4.4 University Grant Commission
4.4.1 Developments in Higher Education in Modern Period
4.4.2 Inter-university Board
4.4.3 Formation of UGC
4.4.4 Establishment of UGC as Statutory Body
4.4.5 Functions
4.4.6 Financial Support to Universities
4.4.7 Professional Councils of UGC
4.5 Union Public Service Commission
4.6 Functions of the UPSC
4.6.1 Examinations
4.6.2 Direct Recruitment by Interview
4.6.3 Promotion
4.6.4 Disciplinary Cases
4.6.5 Quasi-Permanency Cases
4.6.6 Reimbursement of Legal Expenses
4.6.7 Extraordinary Injury Pensions
4.6.8 Temporary Appointments and Re-employment
4.6.9 Appointment of Transfer
4.6.10 Organization of the UPSC
4.6.11 Important
4.7 Election Commission
UNIT 5 WELFARE STATE AND IMPORTANT BOARDS
5.1 National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (NREGA)
5.1.1 Objective of the Act
5.1.2 NREGA Goals
5.1.3 Salient Features of the Act
5.1.4 Paradigm Shift from Wage Employment Programmes
5.1.5 Formulation of State Employment
5.2 Social Welfare Board
5.2.1 Functions of Social Welfare Board
5.2.2 Organization of Social Welfare Board
5.3 Subordinate Offi ces
5.4 Autonomous Organizations
5.5 Advisory Bodies
5.5.1 Central Advisory Board for Tribal Welfare
5.5.2 Central Advisory Board for Harijan Welfare
5.6 Railway Board
5.6.1 Functions of the Railway Board
5.6.2 Organization of the Board

5.6.3 Railway System
5.6.4 Organization of the Zonal Railway Administrations
5.6.5 Attached Offi ces
5.6.6 Subordinate Offi ces
5.6.7 Consultative and Advisory Bodies
5.7 Reserve Bank of India
5.7.1 Legal Functions of the RBI
5.7.2 Financial Supervision
5.7.3 BFS Meetings
5.7.4 Main Functions
5.8 The Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI)
5.8.1 Powers and Functions of the Board
5.8.2 Functions of Departments/Divisions

BAG26 --- State Administration in India
UNIT 1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Nature and Importance of State Administration in India
1.2 Foundation of the Administrative System in Rajasthan
1.3 Governor—Powers, Functions and Role in State Administration
1.3.1 Constitutional Provisions and their Scope
1.3.2 Main Facets of the Governor’s Role
1.3.3 Suggestions in Regard to Institution and Role of Governor
1.3.4 Selection of Governors
1.3.5 Governor’s Term of Office
1.3.6 Some Areas Where Discretion May Have to be Exercised
1.3.7 Specific Functions Entrusted to Governors of Certain States
1.3.8 Guidelines for Governors
1.4 Governor’s Relationship with Council of Minister
UNIT 2 CHIEF MINISTER
2.1 Chief Minister: Power, Function and Relationship with the Council of Ministers
2.1.1 Role and Importance of the Office of Chief Minister
2.2 Organization and Role of the State Secretariat
2.2.1 General Functions of State Secretariat
2.2.2 Financial Functions of State Secretariat
2.2.3 Chief Secretary: Role and Significance in the State Administration
2.2.4 Administrative Reforms Commission’s (ARC) Report on Rationalizing the Number of Secretariat
Departments
UNIT 3 ADMINISTRATIVE ORGANIZATION
3.1 The Organizational Structure of State Departments in Rajasthan
3.1.1 Department of Judiciary: Organization and Working
3.1.2 Department of Home: Organization and Working
3.1.3 Finance Department: Organization and Working
3.1.4 Agriculture Department: Organization and Working
3.2 Boards and Directorates in the State of Rajasthan
3.2.1 Revenue Board
3.2.2 Rajasthan State Electricity Board
3.2.3 Directorate of Agriculture
3.2.4 Directorate of Education
3.3 Administrative Reforms Commission (ARC) Report Separate Focus On Administrative Organization

3.3.1 Separate Focus on Policy Making and Implementation
3.3.2 Recommendations
UNIT 4 PERSONNEL ADMINISTRATION
4.1 Nature and Importance of the State Civil Services in Rajasthan
4.1.1 Organization and Functions of Department of Personnel of Rajasthan
4.2 Organization and Woking of the Rajasthan Public Service Commission
4.2.1 Recruitment and Training of State Civil Servants
4.2.2 Growth of State Civil Services Training Institutes in Rajasthan
4.3 Institution of Lokayukta and Good Governance in Rajasthan
4.3.1 ARC Recommendations on Ethics in Governance
4.3.2 Centre for Good Governance
4.3.3 ICT as Tool for Promoting Good Governance
4.4 Administrative Reforms Commission (ARC) Report and Recommendations on Personnel
Administration
4.4.1 Refurbishing State Civil Services
4.4.2 Appointment and Security of Tenure at the Senior Levels in the State Government
4.4.3 Regional Level Administration
4.4.4 Human Resource Development, Capacity Building and Training
UNIT 5 DISTRICT ADMINISTRATION
5.1 District Collector
5.1.1 The Institution of District Collector / Deputy Commissioner
5.1.2 Need for a collector in the district
5.1.3 Functions of a Collector
5.1.4 ARC Recommendations on the Office of the District Collector
5.2 District Development Council
5.2.1 District Planning Office
5.3 District Revenue Officer and Revenue Divisional Officer (RDO)
5.3.1 Conversion of Agricultural Land for Non-Agricultural Purposes in Rural Areas Rules, 1992
5.3.2 Rajasthan Land Revenue (Allotment of waste land for bio-fuel plantation and bio-fuel based
Industrial and processing unit) Rules, 2007
5.3.3 Revenue Divisional Officer (RDO)
5.4 Tahsildar, Revenue Inspector and Village Administrative Officer
5.4.1 Tahsildar
5.4.2 Revenue Inspector (RI)
5.4.3 Village Administrative Officer
YEAR III
BAG31 --- Comparative Adminitrative System
UNIT 1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Nature, Scope and Importance of Administration in Developing and Developed Societies
1.1.1 Generation of Socio-Economic Development
1.1.2 Public Administration in Developed Societies
1.2 Contributions of F.W. Riggs
1.2.1 The Ecological Approach to Public Administration
1.2.2 The Structural-Functional Approach
1.2.3 The Agraria and the Industria
1.2.4 The Models of Fused-Prismatic-Diffracted Societies

1.2.5 Heterogeneity
1.2.6 Formalism
1.2.7 Overlapping
1.2.8 Nepotism
1.2.9 ‘Poly-Communalism’ or ‘Clects’
1.2.10 Prismatic Economy: The ‘Bazaar-Canteen’ Model
1.2.11 ‘Poly-Normativism’ and Lack of Consensus
1.2.12 Power Distribution: Authority versus Control
1.2.13 The Dilemma of Change in a Prismatic Society
1.2.14 Critical Appraisal of Rigg’s Model of Administration
1.2.15 More on Riggs’s Model of Administration: Overlapping – A Restricted Concept
1.3 Features of the Constitutional System of UK
1.3.1 The Evolution of the British Constitution
1.3.2 The Constitution is Flexible
1.3.3 The British Constitution is a Unitary One
1.3.4 The Rule of Law: Great Britain is Administered under the Rule of Law
1.3.5 Gap between Theory and Practice in the British Constitution
1.3.6 Conventions of the British Constitution
1.4 Salient Features of Constitution of USA
1.5 Salient Features of French Constitution
1.6 Salient Features of Constitution of China
1.6.1 Introduction to the Constitution People’s Republic of China
1.6.2 Main Features of the Constitution
1.7 The Salient Features of the Constitution of Switzerland
1.7.1 Characteristic Features of the Swiss Constitution
1.7.2 The Tendency in Swiss Constitutional Development
1.8 Public Administration is the Heart of Development
UNIT 2 COMPARATIVE STUDY OF HIGHEST ADMINISTRATIVE INSTITUTIONS
2.1 Comparison between Powers and Position of President of India and USA
2.2 Parliamentary System in UK
2.2.1 Sovereignty of Parliament
2.2.2 Limitations on Sovereignty of Parliament
2.2.3 House of Lords
2.2.4 House of Commons: Composition
2.2.5 His Majesty’s Opposition
2.2.6 Importance of Law-making
2.2.7 Comparison of the House of Commons and House of Representatives
2.2.8 Comparison of American and British Procedure
2.2.9 Committee System in England
2.2.10 Delegated Legislation in England
2.3 Presidential System in USA
2.3.1 The American President
2.3.2 Powers and Functions of US President
2.3.3 Comparison between US President and King and Prime Minister of Britain
2.3.4 American President is more than a British King
2.3.5 Comparison of the power of American President with that of the British ‘Prime Minister’
2.3.6 Election, Powers and Functions of the US Vice President
2.3.7 Cabinet in United States
2.3.8 Comparison between American and British Cabinet
2.3.9 The Composition and powers of the American House of Representative

2.3.10 Comparison between the British and American Speaker
2.3.11 Powers and Functions of the US Senate
2.3.12 Procedure in American Congress
2.3.13 Difference of Procedure in England and USA
2.4 The Presidential Systems in France
UNIT 3 COMPARATIVE STUDY OF CENTRAL ADMINISTRATION
3.1 Administrative System in UK
3.2 The Civil Service
3.2.1 Modernization of Civil Service
3.2.2 Growth in Civil Service
3.2.3 The Civil Servants
3.3 Administrative System in USA
3.3.1 Development of Constitution
3.3.2 Impact of Economic Growth on Administration
3.3.3 Central Administration - The Constitutional Framework
3.3.4 The Structure of the Federal Government
3.3.5 Recruitment, Selection and Promotion
3.4 Administrative System in France
3.4.1 Central Administration - The Constitutional Frame Work
3.4.2 New System
3.4.3 Stable Government
3.4.4 The Civil Service
3.4.5 The Great Corps
3.5 Administrative System in Nepal
3.5.1 Constitutional Development
3.5.2 New Developments
3.5.3 Central Administration in Interim Constitution - Executive
UNIT 4 COMPARATIVE STUDY OF CIVIL SERVANTS
4.1 Functioning of Civil Service in France
4.1.1 Legislation and Regulations
4.1.2 Structure and Career Management
4.2 Treasury and Cabinet Secretariat in Great Britain
4.3 Independent Regulatory Commission in the USA
4.3.1 Need for Independent Regulatory Commission in the USA
4.3.2 Examples of Independent Regulatory Commission
UNIT 5 MISCELLANEOUS
5.1 French Council of State
5.2 Swedish Ombudsman
5.2.1 Ombudsman: The Swedish Offi cer
5.2.2 Status of the Ombudsman
5.3 Panchayat Systems in Nepal
5.3.1 The Panchayat Constitution, 1962
5.3.2 Functions, Duties and Powers of Gram Panchayat
BAG32 --- Elementary Computer Application

UNIT 1 INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER
1.1 Evolution and Generation of Computers
1.2 Types of Computers
1.2.1 Micro, Mini, Mainframe and Super Computers
1.3 Architecture of a Computer System
1.3.1 Central Processing Unit (CPU)
1.3.2 ALU
1.3.3 Memory: RAM, ROM Families
1.3.4 Cache Memory
1.4 Input/Output Devices
1.5 Pointing Devices
UNIT 2 INTRODUCTION TO NUMBER SYSTEM
2.1 Binary and Decimal Numbers
2.2 Octal and Hexadecimal Numbers
2.3 Inter Conversions of Numbers
2.4 Character Codes
2.4.1 ASCII Codes
2.4.2 EBCDIC
2.4.3 Unicode
2.5 Logic Gates
2.6 Boolean Algebra
2.7 Machine, Assembly and High Level Languages
2.8 3GL and IV GL
UNIT 3 CONCEPT OF OPERATING SYSTEM
3.1 Need of Operating Systems
3.1.1 Components of an Operating System
3.1.2 Functions of Operating Systems
3.2 Types of Operating Systems
3.2.1 Single User Operating System
3.2.2 Multi User Operating System
3.2.3 Batch Processing Operating System
3.2.4 Distributed and Time Shared Operating Systems
3.2.5 Multitasking Operating Systems
3.2.6 Parallel Operating Systems
3.2.7 Distributed Operating Systems
3.2.8 Real-Time Operating Systems
3.3 Functions of Operating System
3.3.1 Process Management
3.3.2 Memory Management
3.4 Introducing UNIX
3.5 Introducing Linux
3.6 Windows
3.7 Introduction to Windows NT Server
3.8 Windows NT Server Architecture
3.8.1 Hardware Abstraction Layer
3.8.2 Kernel
3.8.3 NT Executive
3.8.4 Protected Environment Subsystems
3.9 Features of Windows NT Server
3.9.1 Extensibility

3.9.2 Portability
3.9.3 Security
3.9.4 Compatibility
3.9.5 Scalability
3.9.6 Reliability
3.9.7 Fault Tolerance
3.9.8 High Performance Client–Server Platform
3.9.9 Built-in Backup
3.9.10 GUI Management Tools
3.9.11 Comparison between MS-OS
3.10 Windows NT Systems and their Simple Commands
UNIT 4 INTERNET
4.1 Concept of Internet
4.2 E-Mail Services
4.2.1 World Wide Web
4.2.2 Web Browsers
4.2.3 Search Engine
4.3 Simple Programs in HTML
4.3.1 Type of HTML Documents
4.4 Document Structure Element
4.5 Type and Character Formatting
4.6 Tables
4.7 Frames
4.8 Forms
4.9 Word Processing Packages
4.9.1 Standard Features of Tool Bar
4.9.2 Word Wrap
4.9.3 Text Formatting and Paragraph Formatting
4.9.4 Effect To Text
4.9.5 Mail Merge
4.10 Presentation Packages
4.10.1 Slide Creation
4.10.2 Adding Graphics
4.10.3 Formatting and Customizing
4.10.4 Slide Shows
4.10.5 Printing
4.11 Computer Networking
4.11.1 Bridges and Routers
4.11.2 Gateway and Modem
4.11.3 ISDN
4.11.4 Leased Lines
4.12 Teleconferencing And Videoconferencing
4.13 Multimedia Technology
4.13.1 Introducing Framework for Multimedia Devices
4.13.2 Image Compression Standards
4.13.3 JPEG
4.13.4 MPEG
4.13.5 MIDI Formats
UNIT 5 DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM AND E-COMMERCE
5.1 Data, Field and Records

5.2 Information Database
5.3 Creation of a Database File
5.3.1 Insertion, Deletion and Updating of Records
5.3.2 Modifying Structure
5.3.3 Editing and Browsing of Records
5.3.4 Searching the Records
5.3.5 Retrieving the Records
5.3.6 Sorting, Indexing and Report Generation
5.4 Data Processing in Government Organizations
5.5 Concept of E-commerce
5.6 Benefits and Growth of E-Commerce
5.6.1 Advantages of E-Business
5.7 Security Considerations
5.8 Hazards of Virus and other Security Risks
5.8.1 Antivirus Software
5.9 Electronic Payment System
BAEC33 --- Economics Statistics
UNIT 1 MEANING OF STATISTICS
1.0 Introduction
1.1 Unit Objectives
1.2 Meaning and Definition of Statistics
1.2.1 Characteristics of Statistics
1.3 Functions of Statistics
1.4 Scope of Statistics
1.5 Statistics in Business and Management
1.6 Methods of Data Collection
1.6.1 Data Gathering
1.7 Summary
1.8 Key Terms
1.9 Answers to ‘Check Your Progress’
1.10 Question and Exercises
1.11 Further Reading
UNIT 2 CLASSIFICATION OF DATA 19-36
2.0 Introduction
2.1 Unit Objectives
2.2 Objectives
2.3 Types of Data
2.4 Tabulation
2.5 Frequency Distribution
2.5.1 Cumulative Frequency Distribution
2.5.2 Relative Frequency Distribution
2.5.3 Cumulative Relative Frequency Distribution
2.5.4 Stem and Leaf Display
2.6 Sampling and Survey
2.6.1 Sampling and Non-Sampling Errors
2.7 Summary
2.8 Key Terms
2.9 Answers to ‘Check Your Progress’

2.10 Questions and Exercises
2.11 Further Reading
UNIT 3 GRAPHIC PRESENTATION 37-52
3.0 Introduction
3.1 Unit Objectives
3.2 Diagrams and Graphs
3.3 Bar Diagrams
3.4 Pie Charts
3.5 Pictogram
3.6 Histogram
3.7 Frequency Polygon
3.8 Cumulative Frequency Curve
3.9 Lorenz Curve
3.10 Summary
3.11 Key Terms
3.12 Answers to ‘Check Your Progress’
3.13 Questions and Exercises
3.14 Further Reading
UNIT 4 DATA CHARACTERISTICS: DESCRIPTIVE MEASURES 53-67
4.0 Introduction
4.1 Unit Objectives
4.2 Measures of Central Location (Central Tendency)
4.3 Measures of Non-Central Location
4.4 Measures of Dispersion
4.5 Grouped Data
4.5.1 Kurtosis
4.6 Summary
4.7 Key Terms
4.8 Answers to ‘Check Your Progress’
4.9 Questions and Exercises
4.10 Further Reading
UNIT 5 CORRELATION 69-83
5.0 Introduction
5.1 Unit Objectives
5.2 Meaning of Correlation
5.3 Types and Measures of Correlation
5.4 Uses of Correlation
5.5 Linear Sample Correlation
5.6 Karl Pearson’s Coefficient of Correlation
5.7 Spearman’s Rank Correlation
5.8 Summary
5.9 Key Terms
5.10 Answers to ‘Check Your Progress’
5.11 Questions and Exercises
5.12 Further Reading
UNIT 6 REGRESSION 85-91
6.0 Introduction
6.1 Unit Objectives
6.2 Simple Regression Analysis
6.3 Regression Equations

6.4 Relationship between Regression Coefficient and Correlation Coefficient
6.5 Summary
6.6 Key Terms
6.7 Answers to ‘Check Your Progress’
6.8 Questions and Exercises
6.9 Further Reading
UNIT 7 INDEX NUMBERS 93-101
7.0 Introduction
7.1 Unit Objectives
7.2 Definition of Index Numbers
7.3 Uses of Index Nmbers
7.4 Problems of Index Numbers
7.5 Methods of Construction
7.6 Summary
7.7 Key Terms
7.8 Answers to ‘Check Your Progress’
7.9 Questions and Exercises
7.10 Further Reading
UNIT 8 TEST OF INDEX NUMBER 103-110
8.0 Introduction
8.1 Unit Objectives
8.2 Chain and Fixed Base Technique
8.3 Cost of Living Index Numbers
8.4 Summary
8.5 Key Terms
8.6 Answers to ‘Check Your Progress’
8.7 Questions and Exercises
8.8 Further Reading
BAEC34 --- Anthropology and Demography
UNIT 1 INTRODUCTION TO ANTHROPOLOGY
1.0 Introduction; 1.1 Unit Objectives; 1.2 Perspectives in Anthropology;
1.3 Divisions of Anthropology; 1.4 Scope of Anthropology;
1.5 Social and Cultural Anthropology; 1.6 Physical Anthropology;
1.7 Pre-historic Archaeology; 1.8 Applied Anthropology;
UNIT 2 MAN, CULTURE AND SOCIETY
2.0 Introduction; 2.1 Unit Objectives; 2.2 Nature of Culture;
2.3 Material and Non-material Culture; 2.4 Elements of Culture;
2.5 Cultural Relativity; 2.6 Process of Cultural Growth;
2.7 Personality and Culture; 2.8 Cultural Lag;
2.9 Cultural Growth and Cultural Evolution; 2.10 Cultural Diffusion;
2.11 Symbolism and Culture
UNIT 3 MARRIAGE AND FAMILY
3.0 Introduction; 3.1 Unit Objectives; 3.2 Marriage as a Social Institution;
3.3 Incest Taboo; 3.4 Preferential and Prescribed Marriages;
3.5 Family; 3.6 Origin and Evolution of the Family;
3.7 Universality of the Family; 3.8 Functions of the Family;
3.9 The Changing Patterns of the Family
UNIT 4 PROBLEMS OF TRIBES AND TRIBAL WELFARE IN INDIA

4.0 Introduction; 4.1 Unit Objective; 4.2 Tribal Development Policy in India;
4.3 Indebtedness; 4.4 Land Alienation; 4.5 Bonded Labour;
4.6 Shifting Cultivation; 4.7 Tribes and Health;
4.8 Tribals and Ethnic Identity; 4.9 Constitutional Safeguard for Scheduled Tribes;
UNIT 5 POPULATION AND DEMOGRAPHIC VARIABLES
5.0 Introduction; 5.1 Unit Objectives; 5.2 Age and Sex;
5.3 Fertility; 5.4 Mortality; 5.5 Migration;
5.6 Scope of Population Studies and Demography;
5.7 Population Theories; 5.8 Malthusian and Post-Malthusian Theories;
UNIT 6 POPULATION SITUATION IN INDIA
6.0 Introduction; 6.1 Objectives; 6.2 Population of India;
6.3 Decadal Growth of Population in India;
6.4 Census in India and Key Statistics;
6.5 Rural-Urban Population; 6.6 Maternity Death Rate;
6.7 Population and Demographic Projections;
6.8 Demographic Scenario: Past, Present and Future Challenges;
UNIT 7 NEED AND IMPORTANCE OF POPULATION EDUCATION
7.0 Introduction; 7.1 Unit Objectives;
7.2 Causes of Growing Population in India;
7.3 Demographic Factors; 7.4 Economic Factors;
7.5 Educational Factors; 7.6 Psychological Factors and Religious Factors;
7.7 Social Factors; 7.8 Impact of Overpopulation in India;
UNIT 8 NATIONAL POLICY ON POPULATION
8.0 Introduction; 8.1 Unit Objectives; 8.2 Population Policies; 8.3 Population Policy in India;
8.4 The New Population Policy; 8.5 Population Policy and its Implications;
8.6 National Policy on Population Education—1986;
8.7 Revised National Policy on Population Education—1992;
8.8 Evaluation of Population Policies
UNIT 9 POPULATION GROWTH AND ECONOMIC AND HUMAN DEVELOPMENT IN INDIA
9.0 Introduction; 9.1 Unit Objectives;
9.2 Relationship between Population Growth, Economic Development and Human Resources;
9.3 Unchecked Population Growth and its Impact on Human Development;
9.4 India’s Population and Progress in Human Development vis-

MG stand for Mahatma Gandhi University was founded on 2 October 1983 in Kottayam which is a city in the Indian state of Kerala. Mahatma Gandhi University has 223 affiliated colleges spread over five districts in central Kerala.

BA Degree In Kerala MG University
MG Mahatma Gandhi University offered BA Degree in following subjects;
BA Psychology
BA Music

Qualification
Students have must passed 10+2 examination from recognized education board.

Address
Priyadarsini Hills P.O
Kottayam Kerala, India
Pin - 686 560
Tele : +91 481 2731050 to 68

I have appeared for the Kerala MG-University sixth semester MCA degree examination in the month of November 2011and still waiting for the result. Can you tell me when the university will declare the result of the exam and how can I get my result.

the MG-University has announced the sixth semester MCA degree examination result of the exam. You can get the result from the following link after entering your registration number.

projects.mgu.ac.in/ugadmission/webresult/webresult.php

__________________
Answered By StudyChaCha Member

wht all subjects are involved in BApsychology

wht all subjects are involved in BA psychology

Hello, I am looking for BA degree syllabus at Mahatma Gandhi University, Kerala. Kindly provide it. Thanks.