TOEFL Exam Questions with Answers

Would you please provide here the TOEFL Exam Questions with Answers?

Ok, as you want the sample question paper of Test of English as a Foreign Language TOEFL exam so here I am providing you.

TOEFL exam question paper

Reading Section

Directions: The Reading section measures your ability to understand academic passages written in English. You will read one passage and answer questions about it. You would have 20 minutes to read the passage and answer the questions. Test takers with disabilities can request a time extension.

Meteorite Impact and Dinosaur Extinction

There is increasing evidence that the impacts of meteorites have had important effects on Earth, particularly in the field of biological evolution. Such impacts continue to pose a natural hazard to life on Earth. Twice in the twentieth century, large meteorite objects are known to have collided with Earth.
5
If an impact is large enough, it can disturb the environment of the entire Earth and cause an ecological catastrophe. The best-documented such impact took place 65 million years ago at the end of the Cretaceous period of geological history. This break in Earth’s history is marked by a mass extinction, when as many as half the species on the planet
10
became extinct. While there are a dozen or more mass extinctions in the geological record, the Cretaceous mass extinction has always intrigued paleontologists because it marks the end of the age of the dinosaurs. For tens of millions of years, those great creatures had flourished. Then, suddenly, they disappeared.
15
The body that impacted Earth at the end of the Cretaceous period was a meteorite with a mass of more than a trillion tons and a diameter of at least 10 kilometers. Scientists first identified this impact in 1980 from the worldwide layer of sediment deposited from the dust cloud that enveloped the planet after the impact. This sediment layer is enriched in the rare metal iridium and other elements that are relatively abundant in a meteorite but
20
very rare in the crust of Earth. Even diluted by the terrestrial material excavated from the crater, this component of meteorites is easily identified. By 1990 geologists had located the impact site itself in the Yucatán region of Mexico. The crater, now deeply buried in sediment, was originally about 200 kilometers in diameter.
25
This impact released an enormous amount of energy, excavating a crater about twice as large as the lunar crater Tycho. The explosion lifted about 100 trillion tons of dust into the atmosphere, as can be determined by measuring the thickness of the sediment layer formed
when this dust settled to the surface. Such a quantity of material would have blocked the sunlight completely from reaching the surface, plunging Earth into a period
30
of cold and darkness that lasted at least several months. The explosion is also calculated to have produced vast quantities of nitric acid and melted rock that sprayed out over much of Earth, starting widespread fires that must have consumed most terrestrial forests and grassland. Presumably, those environmental disasters could have been responsible for the mass extinction, including the death of the dinosaurs.
35
Several other mass extinctions in the geological record have been tentatively identified with large impacts, but none is so dramatic as the Cretaceous event. But even without such specific documentation, it is clear that impacts of this size do occur and that their results can be catastrophic. What is a catastrophe for one group of living things, however,
40
may create opportunities for another group. Following each mass extinction, there is a sudden evolutionary burst as new species develop to fill the ecological niches opened by the event. Impacts by meteorites represent one mechanism that could cause global catastrophes and
45
seriously influence the evolution of life all over the planet. According to some estimates, the majority of all extinctions of species may be due to such impacts. Such a perspective fundamentally changes our view of biological evolution. The standard criterion for the survival of a species is its success in competing with other species and adapting to slowly changing environments. Yet an equally important criterion is the ability of a species to
50
survive random global ecological catastrophes due to impacts. Earth is a target in a cosmic shooting gallery, subject to random violent events that were unsuspected a few decades ago. In 1991 the United States Congress asked NASA to investigate the hazard posed today by large impacts on Earth. The group conducting the 55 study concluded from a detailed analysis that impacts from meteorites can indeed be hazardous. Although there is always some risk that a large impact could occur, careful study shows that this risk is quite small.

1. The word “pose” on line 2 is closest in meaning to
a. claim
b. model
c. assume
d. present

2. In paragraph 2, why does the author include the information that dinosaurs had flourished for tens of millions of years and then suddenly disappeared?

a. To support the claim that the mass extinction at the end of the Cretaceous is the best-documented of the dozen or so mass extinctions in the geological record

b. To explain why as many as half of the species on Earth at the time are believed to have become extinct at the end of the Cretaceous

c. To explain why paleontologists have always been intrigued by the mass extinction at the end of the Cretaceous

d. To provide evidence that an impact can be large enough to disturb the environment of the entire planet and cause an ecological disaster

For more questions here is the attachment

Attached Files Available for Download

TOEFL exam question paper.pdf (249.5 KB, 54 views)

The TOEFL paper consists of three different sections.
The first section, listening comprehension, deals with the candidate’s ability to listen to speeches and understand them.
The next section, Structure and written expression, checks the ability to recognize English in writing.
The last section, Reading comprehension, is a check on the candidate’s ability to read and understand non technical matter.
The test is for duration of about 3.5 hours.

Questions:

1. The word others in the passage refers to
• chambers
• paintings
• beasts
• parades

2. The word Methods in the passage is closest in meaning to
• Ways
• Shades
• Stages
• Rules

3. What are the bones found in the Lascaux caves believed to indicate?
• Wild animals sometimes lived in the cave chambers.
• Artists painted pictures on both walls and bones.
• Artists ground them into a fine powder to make paint.
• Artists developed special techniques for painting the walls.

4. Why does the author mention Bushmen in South Africa in paragraph 2?
• To suggest that ancient artists from all over the world painted animals on rocks
• To contrast the location of their rock paintings to those found at Lascaux
• To support the claim that early artists worked in cramped spaces
• To give an example of other artists who painted in hidden locations

5. What can be inferred from paragraph 2 about cave painters in France and Spain?
• They also painted rocks outside caves.
• They did not live close to the cave entrances.
• They developed their own sources of light to use while painting.
• Their painting practices did not last for many years.

6. Why does the author mention secret ceremonies?
• To present a common opinion held by many scholars
• To suggest a similarity between two opinions held by scholars
• To suggest a possible explanation for a weakness in an opinion expressed in the passage
• To give evidence that contradicts a major opinion expressed in the passage

7. The word accompanied in the passage is closest in meaning to
• represented
• developed into
• were associated with
• came after

8. According to paragraph 4, why do some scholars believe that the paintings were related to hunting?
• Because some tools used for painting were also used for hunting
• Because cave inhabitants were known to prefer animal food rather than plant food
• Because some of the animals are shown wounded by weapons
• Because many hunters were also typically painters

9. According to paragraph 5, why do some scholars refer to a trance state to help understand the cave
paintings?
• To explain the state of consciousness the artists were in when they painted their pictures
• To demonstrate the mythical significance of the strange geometric shapes
• To indicate that trance states were often associated with activities that took place inside caves
• To give a possible reason for the strange appearance of the men painted on the cave walls

For detailed paper here is attachment:

Attached Files Available for Download

	TOEFL Question paper.pdf (907.4 KB, 50 views)
	TOEFL Question paper 1.pdf (907.4 KB, 69 views)

__________________
Answered By StudyChaCha Member

I want the sample question paper of Test of English as a Foreign Language TOEFL exam so can you please provide me?