New Syllabus of ICAR JRF

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Hi buddy here I have come to collect new syllabus of Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR),JRF (Junior Research Fellowship) Exam , so will you plz let me know about it ??

As you are askin for new syllabus of Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR),JRF (Junior Research Fellowship) Exam , so on your demand I am providing same here :

01. CROP SCIENCES-I

(1.1 Genetics & Plant Breeding, 1.2 Seed Science & Technology)

1.1 GENETICS & PLANT BREEDING
Unit 1: General Genetics and Plant Breeding
Mendelian inheritance. Cell structure and division, Linkage, its detection and estimation. Epistasis. Gene concept,
allelism and fine structure of gene. Extra chromosomal inheritance. DNA structure, function, replication and
repair. Genetic code. Gene-enzyme relationship. Replication, Transcription and Translation. Gene regulation in
prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Nuclear and cytoplasmic genome organization. Spontaneous and induced mutations
and their molecular mechanisms. Crop domestication, evolution of crops and centres of diversity. Emergence of
scientific plant breeding. Objectives and accomplishments in plant breeding and the role of National and
International institutes. Gametogenesis and fertilization. Modes of sexual and asexual reproduction and its
relation to plant breeding methodology. Apomixes, incompatibility and male sterility systems and their use in
plant breeding.
Unit 2: Economics Botany and Plant Breeding Methods
Origin, distribution, classification, description and botany of cereals (wheat, rice, maize, sorghum, pearl millet,
minor millets); pulses (pigeonpea, chickpea, black gram, green gram, cowpea, soyabean, pea, lentil, horse gram,
lab-lab, rice bean, winged bean, lathyrus, Lima bean; oilseeds (groundnuts, sesamum, castor, rapeseed mustard,

sunflower, Niger, linseed); fibers and sugar crops, fodder and green manures; Breeding methods for self-
pollinated, cross-pollinated and clonally propagated crops. Component, recombinational and transgressive

breeding. Single seed descent. Populations, their improvement methods and maintenance, Hybrid breeding and
genetic basis of heterosis. Ideotype breeding. Mutation breeding, Concept of tree breeding.
Unit 3: Genome Organization and Cytogenetics of Crop Plants
Chromosome structure, function and replication. Recombination and crossing over. Karyotype analysis. Banding
techniques. In situ hybridization. Special types of chromosomes. Chromosomal interchanges, inversions,
duplications and deletions. Polyploids, haploids, aneuploids and their utility. Wide hybridization and
chromosomal manipulations for alien gene transfer. Pre-and post- fertilization barriers in wide hybridization.
Genome organization and cytogenetics of important crop species- wheat, maize, rice, sorghum, Brassica, cotton,
Vigna, potato and sugarcane. Principles and procedures of genome analysis. Cytogenetic techniques foe gene
location and gene transfer, Construction and use of molecular marker based chromosome maps. Comparative
mapping and genome analysis.
Unit 4: Quantitative and Biometrical Genetics
Quantitative characters. Multiple factors inheritance. Genetic control of polygenic characters. Genetic advance and
types of selection and correlated response. Hardy Weinberg law. Linkage disequilibrium. Genetic load.
Polymorphism. Breeding value, heritability. Response to selection, correlated response. Estimates of variance
components and covariance among relatives. Mating designs with random and inbred parents. Estimation of gene
effects and combing ability. Effects of linkage and epistasis on estimation of genetic parameters. Maternal effects.
Genotype-environment interactions and stability of performance. Heterosis and its basis. Mating system and
mating design- diallel, line X tester, NC-1, NC-II and NC-III designs, approaches to estimate and exploit component
of self and cross pollinated crops. Genotype X environment interaction and stability analysis.
Unit 5: Genetic Engineering and Biotechnological Tools in Plant Breeding
Somatic hybridization, micropropagation, somaclonal variation in vitro mutagenesis. Artificial synthesis of gene.
Genetic and molecular markers, generations of molecular markers and their application in genetic analyses and
breeding. Molecular markers in genetic diversity analysis and breeding for complex characters. Gene tagging, QTL
mapping and marker aided selection. Genome projects and utilization of sequence formation. Vectors. DNA
libraries, DNA fingerprinting, DNA sequencing. Nuclei acid hybridization and immunochemical detection.
Chromosome walking, Recombinant DNA technology, Gene cloning strategies. Genetic transformation and
transgenics. Antisense RNA, RNAi and micro RNA techniques in crop improvement.
Unit 6: Plant Breeding for Stress Resistance and Nutritional Quality
Genetic basis and breeding for resistance to diseases and insect-pests. Breeding for vertical and horizontal
resistance to diseases. Genetic and physiological basis of abiotic stress tolerance. Breeding for resistance to heat,
frost, flood, drought and soil stresses. Important quality parameters in various crops, their genetic basis and
breeding for these traits. Role of molecular markers in stress resistance breeding: MAS, MARS and MABB.
Unit 7: Plant Genetic Resources and their Regulatory System; Varietal Release and Seed Production
Plant exploration, germplasm introduction, exchange, conservation, evaluation and utilization of plant genetic
resources. Convention on Biological Diversity and International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and
Agriculture. Intellectual Property Rights. Biodiversity Act. Plant Variety Protection and Farmers' Rights Act.
System of variety release and notification. Types of seeds and seed chain. Seed production and certification.
Unit 8: Statistical Methods and Field Plot Techniques
Frequency distribution. Measures of central tendency, probability theory and its applications in genetics.
Probability distribution and tests of significance. Correlation, linear, partial and multiple regression. Genetic
divergence. Multivariate analysis. Design of experiments- basic principles, completely randomized design,
randomized block design and split plot design. Complete and incomplete block designs. Augmented design, Grid
and honeycomb design. Hill plots, unreplicated evaluation. Data collection and interpretation.

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