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SECTION 1
Time –30 minutes
38 Questions
1.A computer program can provide information in ways
that force students to --- learning instead of being
merely ---- of knowledge.
(A) shore up .. reservoirs
(B) accede to .. consumers
(C) participate in .. recipients
(D) compensate for.. custodians
(E) profit from .. beneficiaries
2. The form and physiology of leaves vary according to
the ---- in which they develop: for example, leaves
display a wide range of adaptations to different
degrees of light and moisture.
(A) relationship
(B) species
(C) sequence
(D) patterns
(E) environment
3. One theory about intelligence sees ---- as the
logical structure underlying thinking and insists that
since animals are mute, they must be ---- as well.
(A) behavior.. inactive
(B) instinct.. cooperative
(C) heredity.. thoughtful
(D) adaptation.. brutal
(E) language.. mindless
4. Though ---- in her personal life, Edna St. Vincent
Millay was nonetheless ---- about her work, usually
producing several pages of complicated rhyme in a
day.
(A) jaded.. feckless
(B) verbose.. ascetic
(C) vain.. humble
(D) impulsive.. disciplined
(E) self-assured.. sanguine
5. The children's ---- natures were in sharp contrast
to the even-tempered dispositions of their parents.
(A) mercurial
(B) blithe
(C) phlegmatic
(D) introverted
(E) artless
6. By ---- scientific rigor with a quantitative approach,
researchers in the social sciences may often have ---
their scope to those narrowly circumscribed topics that
are well suited to quantitative methods.
(A) undermining.. diminished
(B) equating.. enlarged
(C) vitiating.. expanded
(D) identifying.. limited
(E) imbuing.. broadened
7. As early as the seventeenth century, philosophers
called attention to the ---- character of the issue,
and their twentieth-century counterparts still approach
it with ----.
(A) absorbing.. indifference
(B) unusual.. composure
(C) complex.. antipathy
(D) auspicious.. caution
(E) problematic.. uneasiness
8. TRIPOD: CAMERA::
(A) scaffolding: ceiling
(B) prop: set
(C) easel: canvas
(D) projector: film
(E) frame: photograph
9. AQUATIC: WATER::
(A) cumulus: clouds
(B) inorganic: elements
(C) variegated: leaves
(D) rural: soil
(E) arboreal: trees
10. EMOLLIENT: SUPPLENESS::
(A) unguent: elasticity
(B) precipitant: absorption
(C) additive: fusion
(D) desiccant: dryness
(E) retardant: permeability

11. DRAW: DOODLE::
(A) talk: whisper
(B) travel: ramble
(C) run: walk
(D) calculate: add
(E) eat: gobble
12. CONSPICUOUS: SEE:
(A) repulsive: forget
(B) prohibited: discount
(C) deceptive: delude
(D) impetuous: disregard
(E) transparent: understand
13. IMMATURE: DEVELOPED::
(A) accessible: exposed
(B) theoretical: conceived
(C) tangible: identified
(D) irregular: classified
(E) incipient: realized
14. PERSPICACITY: ACUTE::
(A) adaptability: prescient
(B) decorum: complacent
(C) caprice: whimsical
(D) discretion: literal
(E) ignorance: pedantic
15. PLAYFUL: BANTER::
(A) animated: originality
(B) exaggerated: hyperbole
(C) insidious: effrontery
(D) pompous: irrationality
(E) taciturn: solemnity
16. QUARANTINE: CONTAGION::
(A) blockage: obstacle
(B) strike: concession
(C) embargo: commerce
(D) vaccination: inoculation
(E) prison: reform
Influenced by the view of some twentieth-century
feminists that women's position within the family is
one of the central factors determining women's social
position, some historians have underestimated the signi-
(5) ficance of the woman suffrage movement. These histor- ians contend that nineteenth-century suffragism was less
radical and, hence, less important than, for example, the
moral reform movement or domestic feminism— two
nineteenth-century movements in which women strug-
(10)gled for more power and autonomy within the family.
True, by emphasizing these struggles, such historians
have broadened the conventional view of nineteenth- century feminism, but they do a historical disservice to
suffragism. Nineteenth-century feminists and anti-
(15)feminist alike perceived the suffragists' demand for
enfranchisement as the most radical element in women's
protest, in part because suffragists were demanding
power that was not based on the institution of the
family, women's traditional sphere. When evaluating
(20)nineteenth-century feminism as a social force, contem- porary historians should consider the perceptions of
actual participants in the historical events.
17.The author asserts that the historians discussed in
the passage have
(A) influenced feminist theorists who concentrate on
the family
(B) honored the perceptions of the women who
participated in the women suffrage movement
(C) treated feminism as a social force rather than as
an intellectual tradition
(D) paid little attention to feminist movements
(E) expanded the conventional view of nineteenth- century feminism
18.The author of the passage asserts that some
twentieth-century feminists have influenced some
historians view of the
(A) significance of the woman suffrage movement
(B) importance to society of the family as an
institution
(C) degree to which feminism changed nineteenth- century society
(D) philosophical traditions on which contemporary
feminism is based
(E) public response to domestic feminism in the
nineteenth century

19.The author of the passage suggests that which of the
following was true of nineteenth-century feminists?
(A) Those who participated in the moral reform
movement were motivated primarily by a
desire to reconcile their private lives with their
public positions.
(B) Those who advocated domestic feminism,
although less visible than the suffragists, were
in some ways the more radical of the two
groups.
(C) Those who participated in the woman suffrage
movement sought social roles for women that
were not defined by women's familial roles.
(D) Those who advocated domestic feminism
regarded the gaining of more autonomy within
the family as a step toward more participation
in public life.
(E) Those who participated in the nineteenth- century moral reform movement stood midway
between the positions of domestic feminism
and suffragism.
20.The author implies that which of the following is
true of the historians discussed in the passage?
(A) They argue that nineteenth-century feminism
was not as significant a social force as
twentieth-century feminism has been.
(B) They rely too greatly on the perceptions of the
actual participants in the events they study.
(C)Their assessment of the relative success of
nineteenth-century domestic feminism does
not adequately take into account the effects of
antifeminist rhetoric.
(D)Their assessment of the significance of
nineteenth-century suffragism differs
considerably from that of nineteenth-century
feminists.
(E) They devote too much attention to nineteenth- century suffragism at the expense of more
radical movements that emerged shortly after
the turn of the century.
Many objects in daily use have clearly been influenced
by science, but their form and function, their dimensions
and appearance, were determined by technologists
artisans, designers, inventors, and engineers---using non-
(5) scientific modes of thought. Many features and qualities
of the objects that a technologist thinks about cannot be
reduced to unambiguous verbal descriptions; they are
dealt with in the mind by a visual, nonverbal process. In
the development of Western technology, it has been non-
(10)verbal thinking, by and large, that has fixed the outlines
and filled in the details of our material surroundings.
Pyramids, cathedrals, and rockets exist not because of
geometry or thermodynamics, but because they were first
a picture in the minds of those who built them.
(15) The creative shaping process of a technologist's mind
can be seen in nearly every artifact that exists. For exam- ple, in designing a diesel engine, a technologist might
impress individual ways of nonverbal thinking on the
machine by continually using an intuitive sense of right-
(20)ness and fitness. What would be the shape of the com- bustion chamber? Where should the valves be placed?
Should it have a long or short piston? Such questions
have a range of answers that are supplied by experience,
by physical requirements, by limitations of available
(25)space, and not least by a sense of form. Some decisions,
such as wall thickness and pin diameter, may depend on
scientific calculations, but the nonscientific component
of design remains primary.
Design courses, then, should be an essential element
(30)in engineering curricula. Nonverbal thinking, a central
mechanism in engineering design, involves perceptions,
the stock-in-trade of the artist, not the scientist. Because
perceptive processes are not assumed to entail "hard
thinking," nonverbal thought is sometimes seen as a prim-
(35)itive stage in the development of cognitive processes and
inferior to verbal or mathematical thought. But it is para- doxical that when the staff of the Historic American
Engineering Record wished to have drawings made of
machines and isometric views of industrial processes for
(40)its historical record of American engineering, the only
college students with the requisite abilities were not engi- neering students, but rather students attending architec- tural schools.
It courses in design, which in a strongly analytical
(45)engineering curriculum provide the background required
for practical problem- solving, are not provided, we can
expect to encounter silly but costly errors occurring in
advanced engineering systems. For example, early models
of high-speed railroad cars loaded with sophisticated
(50)controls were unable to operate in a snowstorm because

a fan sucked snow into the electrical system. Absurd ran- dom failures that plague automatic control systems are
not merely trivial aberrations; they are a reflection of the
chaos that results when design is assumed to be primarily
a problem in mathematics.
21.In the passage, the author is primarily concerned
with
(A) identifying the kinds of thinking that are used
by technologists
(B) stressing the importance of nonverbal thinking
in engineering design
(C) proposing a new role for nonscientific thinking
in the development of technology
(D) contrasting the goals of engineers with those of
technologists
(E) criticizing engineering schools for emphasizing
science in engineering curricula
22.It can be inferred that the author thinks engineering
curricula are
(A) strengthened when they include courses in
design
(B) weakened by the substitution of physical
science courses for courses designed to
develop mathematical skills
(C) strong because nonverbal thinking is still
emphasized by most of the courses
(D) strong despite the errors that graduates of such
curricula have made in the development of
automatic control systems
(E) strong despite the absence of nonscientific
modes of thinking
23.Which of the following statements best illustrates
the main point of lines 1-28 of the passage?
(A) When a machine like a rotary engine mal- functions, it is the technologist who is best
equipped to repair it.
(B) Each component of an automobile— for
example, the engine or the fuel tank— has a
shape that has been scientifically determined
to be best suited to that component's function
(C) A telephone is a complex instrument designed
by technologists using only nonverbal thought
(D) The designer of a new refrigerator should
consider the designs of other refrigerators
before deciding on its final form.
(E) The distinctive features of a suspension bridge
reflect its designer's conceptualization as well
as the physical requirements of its site.
24.Which of the following statements would best serve
as an introduction to the passage?
(A) The assumption that the knowledge incorpor- ated in technological developments must be
derived from science ignores the many non- scientific decisions made by technologists.
(B) Analytical thought is no longer a vital com- ponent in the success of technological
development.
(C) As knowledge of technology has increased, the
tendency has been to lose sight of the impor- tant role played by scientific thought in
making decisions about form, arrangement,
and texture.
(D) A movement in engineering colleges toward
a technician's degree reflects a demand for
graduates who have the nonverbal reasoning
ability that was once common among engineers.
(E) A technologist thinking about a machine,
reasoning through the successive steps in a
dynamic process, can actually turn the
machine over mentally.
25.The author calls the predicament faced by the
Historic American Engineering Record "para- doxical" (lines 36-37) most probably because
(A) the publication needed drawings that its own
staff could not make
(B) architectural schools offered but did not require
engineering design courses for their students
(C) college students were qualified to make the
drawings while practicing engineers were not
(D) the drawings needed were so complicated that
even students in architectural schools had
difficulty making them.
(E) engineering students were not trained to make
the type of drawings needed to record the
development of their own discipline

26.According to the passage, random failures in
automatic control systems are "not merely trivial
aberrations" (lines53) because
(A) automatic control systems are designed by
engineers who have little practical experience
in the field
(B) the failures are characteristic of systems
designed by engineers relying too heavily on
concepts in mathematics
(C) the failures occur too often to be taken lightly
(D) designers of automatic control systems have too
little training in the analysis of mechanical
difficulties
(E) designers of automatic control systems need
more help from scientists who have a better
understanding of the analytical problems to be
solved before such systems can work efficiently
27.The author uses the example of the early models of
high-speed railroad cars primarily to
(A) weaken the argument that modern engineering
systems have major defects because of an
absence of design courses in engineering
curricula
(B) support the thesis that the number of errors in
modern engineering systems is likely to
increase
(C) illustrate the idea that courses in design are the
most effective means for reducing the cost of
designing engineering systems
(D) support the contention that a lack of attention to
the nonscientific aspects of design results in
poor conceptualization by engineers
(E) weaken the proposition that mathematics is a
necessary part of the study of design
28.IGNITE:
(A) amplify
(B) douse
(C) obscure
(D) blemish
(E) replicate
29.MUTATE:
(A) recede
(B) grow larger
(C) link together
(D) remain the same
(E) decrease in speed
30.FRAGMENT:
(A) ensue
(B) revive
(C) coalesce
(D) balance
(E) accommodate
31.OSTENSIBLE:
(A) gargantuan
(B) inauspicious
(C) intermittent
(D) perpetual
(E) inapparent
32.PROLIXITY:
(A) ceremoniousness
(B) flamboyance
(C) succinctness
(D) inventiveness
(E) lamentation
33.CONCERTED:
(A) meant to obstruct
(B) not intended to last
(C) enthusiastically supported
(D) run by volunteers
(E) individually devised
34.FORBEARANCE:
(A) fragility
(B) impatience
(C) freedom
(D) nervousness
(E) tactlessness
35.COSSETED:
(A) unspoiled
(B) irrepressible
(C) serviceable
(D) prone to change
(E) free from prejudice

36.PROBITY:
(A) timidity
(B) sagacity
(C) impertinence
(D) uncertainty
(E) unscrupulousness
37.ESCHEW:
(A) habitually indulge in
(B) take without authorization
(C) leave unsaid
(D) boast about
(E) handle carefully
38.REDOUBTABLE:
(A) trustworthy
(B) unschooled
(C) credulous
(D) not formidable
(E) not certain

SECTION 2
Time –30 minutes
25 Questions
Questions 1-6
A newsstand will display exactly one copy each of six
different magazines— M, O, P, S, T, and V— in a single
row on a rack. Each magazine will occupy exactly one of
the six positions, numbered consecutively 1 through 6.
The magazines must be displayed in accordance with the
following rules:
Either P or else T occupies position 1.
Either S or else T occupies position 6.
M and O, not necessarily in that order, occupy consecu- tively numbered positions.
V and T, not necessarily in that order, occupy consecu- tively numbered positions.
1.Which of the following is an order in which the six
magazines can be arranged, from position 1 through
position 6?
(A) M, O, P, S, V, T
(B) P, O, S, M, V, T
(C) P, V, T, O, M, S
(D) P, V, T, S, O, M
(E) T, P, V, M, O, S
2.If P occupies position 3, which of the following must
be true?
(A) M occupies position 4.
(B) O occupies position 2.
(C) S occupies position 5.
(D) T occupies position 6.
(E) V occupies position 2.
3.If O and T, not necessarily in that order, occupy
consecutively numbered positions, then T can be in
position
(A) 1
(B) 2
(C) 4
(D) 5
(E) 6

4.Which of the following can be true?
(A) M occupies position 4 and P occupies position 5.
(B) P occupies position 4 and V occupies position 5.
(C) S occupies position 2 and P occupies position 3.
(D) P occupies position 2.
(E) S occupies position 5.
5. If V occupies position 4, then T must occupy the
position that is numbered exactly one lower than the
position occupied by
(A) M (B) O (C) P
(D) S (E) V
6.If S and V, not necessarily in that order, occupy
consecutively numbered positions, which of the
following must be true?
(A) M occupies position 4.
(B) O occupies position 2.
(C) P occupies position 1.
(D) S occupies position 6.
(E) T occupies position 6.
7. Patel: Although enrollment in the region's high
school has been decreasing for several
years, enrollment at the elementary school
has grown considerably. Therefore, the
regional school board proposes building a
new elementary school.
Quintero: Another solution would be to convert some
high school classrooms temporarily into
classrooms for elementary school students.
Which of the following, if true, most helps to support
Quintero's alternative proposal?
(A) Some rooms at the high school cannot be con- verted into rooms suitable for the use of ele- mentary school students.
(B) The cost of building a high school is higher than
the cost of building an elementary school.
(C) Although the birth rate has not increased, the
number of families sending their children to
the region's high school has increased markedly.
(D) A high school atmosphere could jeopardize the
safety and self-confidence of elementary school
students.
(E) Even before the region's high school population
began to decrease, several high school class- rooms rarely needed to be used.
Question 8 is based on the following graph
8.Which of the following, if true, most helps explain
the difference in the rates of decline between 1980
and 1990 in population of puffins and arctic terns,
two kinds of seabirds for which sand eels serve as a
primary source of food?
(A) Puffins switched in part from their preferred food
of sand eels to rockfish and other fish, but arctic
terns did not.
(B) The marked decline in the populations of puffins
and arctic terns that occurred on Alair Island
did not occur on other similar islands nearby,
where there are substantial populations of both
species.
(C) The decline in sand eels was due to changes in
environmental conditions that affected the
reproduction of eels rather than to overfishing
by people.
(D)The main diet of puffin and arctic tern chicks on
Alair Island in 1980 consisted of young sand
eels.
(E) Unusual severe weather that disrupted the breed- ing cycle of the sand eels of Alair Island in
1989 also damaged the nests of puffins but not
those of arctic terns.

9. Peter: More than ever before in Risland, college graduates with
science degrees are accepting permanent jobs in other
fields. That just goes to show that scientists in Risland are
not being paid enough.
Lila: No, it does not. These graduates are not working in science
for the simple reason that there are not enough jobs in science in
Risland to employ all of these graduates.
Which of the following, if true in Risland, would most undermine
the reasoning in Peter's argument?
(A) The college graduates with science degrees who are not work- ing in science are currently earning lower salaries than they
would earn as scientists.
(B) Fewer college students than ever before are receiving degrees
in science.
(C) The number of jobs in science has steadily risen in the last
decade.
(D) A significant number of college graduates with science degrees
worked at low-paying jobs while they were in college.
(E) Every year some recent college graduates with science degrees
accept permanent jobs in nonscientific fields.
Questions 10-15
Exactly six lec tures will be given one at a time at a one- day conference. Two of the lectures— S and T— will be
given by resident speakers, the other four— W, X, Y, and
Z— will be given by visiting speakers. At least two but
no more than four of the lectures will be given before
lunch; the remaining lectures will be given after lunch.
The following conditions must be observed:
S will be the fourth lecture.
Exactly one of the lectures by a resident will be given
before lunch.
Y will be given at some time before T is given.
If W is given before lunch, Y will be given after lunch.
10.Which of the following can be the order of lectures
and lunch at the conference?
(A) W, X, Lunch, Y, S, T, Z
(B) X, Y, T, Lunch, S, Z, W
(C) Y, T, Lunch, S, W, X, Z
(D) Z, T, W, S, Lunch, Y, X
(E) Z, W, Y, S, Lunch, X, T
11.If exactly two lectures are given before lunch, they
must be
(A) X and T
(B) Y and T
(C) Z and T
(D) Z and W
(E) Z and Y
12.If exactly three lectures, including Y and Z, are given
before lunch, which of the following can be true?
(A) T is the second lecture.
(B) T is the fifth lecture.
(C) W is the third lecture.
(D) X is the first lecture.
(E) X is the third lecture.
13.If T is the sixth lecture, which of the following must
be true?
(A) X is the first lecture.
(B) X is the second lecture.
(C) Exactly two lectures are given before lunch.
(D) Exactly three lectures are given before lunch.
(E) Exactly four lectures are given before lunch.

14.If S and Z are both given after lunch, which of the
following must be true?
(A) X is given before lunch.
(B) X is given after lunch.
(C) Y is given before lunch.
(D) T is the third lecture.
(E) Z is the fifth lecture.
15.Which of the following lectures CANNOT be given
immediately before lunch?
(A) S
(B) T
(C) X
(D) Y
(E) Z
Questions 16-22
A circus has seven fenced enclosures, numbered 1 through
7, for two animals: a lion and a tiger. Each enclosure is
connected to adjacent enclosures by interior gates. There
are exactly eight such gates, each connecting one
enclosure to exactly one other enclosure: enclosure 1 is
connected to enclosures 2, 3 and 4; enclosure 3 to
enclosures 1, 2, 4, and 5; and enclosure 5 to enclosures 3,
6, and 7. These gates provide the only connections
between enclosures. Occasionally a trainer moves the
animals. Taking either animals from one enclosure to an
adjacent enclosure through a gate is called a "transfer."
The following conditions are strictly observed:
The two animals cannot be together in any enclosure or
gate.
Transfers cannot occur simultaneously
In moving either one animal or both to a specified
enclosure or enclosures, the minimum number of trans- fers needed to achieve the specified result are used.
16.If the lion is in enclosure 1 and the tiger is in enclo- sure 3, and the lion is to be moved to enclosure 7, the
tiger could be in which of the following enclosures
when all of the transfers have been completed?
(A) 1
(B) 3
(C) 4
(D) 5
(E) 6
17.If the tiger is in enclosure 5 and the lion is in enclo- sure 3, moving the tiger to which of the following
enclosures requires exactly two transfers?
(A) 2
(B) 3
(C) 4
(D) 6
(E) 7
18.If the lion is in enclosure 6 and the tiger is in enclo- sure 7, and the lion is to be moved to enclosure 7 and
the tiger to enclosure 6, then which of the following
must be true?
(A) The lion is transferred to enclosure 3 at some
time during the move.
(B) The tiger is transferred to enclosure 5 twice.
(C) One of the two animals is transferred to
enclosure 3 twice.
(D) Three transfers to enclosure 5 are made.
(E) At least one transfer is made to either enclosure
2 or enclosure 4.
19.If the lion is in enclosure 3 and the tiger is in enclo- sure 4, and the lion is to be moved to enclosure 5 and
the tiger to enclosure 7, then exactly how many trans- fers must be made?
(A) Four
(B) Five
(C) Six
(D) Seven
(E) Eight
20.If the lion is in enclosure 1 and the tiger is in enclo- sure 7, and the lion is to be transferred to enclosure 3
and the tiger to enclosure 1, then which of the fol- lowing CANNOT be true?
(A) The lion is transferred to enclosure 2 in the first
transfer.
(B) The lion is transferred to enclosure 3 in the
second transfer.
(C) The lion is transferred to enclosure 4 in the
second transfer.
(D) The tiger is transferred to enclosure 5 in the first
transfer.
(E) The tiger is transferred to enclosure 3 in the
second transfer.

21. If the lion is in enclosure 1 and the tiger is in enclo- sure 3, and the lion is to be moved to enclosure 6 and
the tiger to enclosure 5, then the second transfer could
be a transfer of the
(A) lion to enclosure 2
(B) lion to enclosure 5
(C) tiger to enclosure 4
(D) tiger to enclosure 5
(E) tiger to enclosure 7
22.If the lion is in enclosure 3 and the tiger is in enclo- sure 6, and the lion is to be moved to enclosure 6 and
the tiger to enclosure 3, then which of the following
must be true?
(A) Exactly five enclosures are used in the move
(B) One animal is transferred exactly twice as many
times as the other animal.
(C) All of the transfers of the lion are completed
before any transfer of the tiger occurs.
(D) At one point one of the animals is transferred to
either enclosure 2 or enclosure 4.
(E) At one point neither the lion nor the tiger is in
enclosure 3, enclosure 5, or enclosure 6.
23.Counselor: Every year a popular newsmagazine pub- lishes a list of United States colleges, ranking
them according to an overall numerical score
that is a composite of ratings according to sev- eral criteria. However, the overall scores gen- erally should not be used by students as the
basis for deciding to which colleges to apply.
Which of the following, if true, most helps to justify
the counselor's recommendation?
(A) The vast majority of people who purchase the
magazine in which the list appears are not
college-bound students.
(B) Colleges that are ranked highest in the magazine's
list use this fact in advertisements aimed at
attracting students.
(C) The rankings seldom change from one year to
the next.
(D) The significance that particular criteria have for
any two students is likely to differ according to
the students' differing needs.
(E) Some college students who are pleased with their
schools considered the magazine's rankings
before deciding which college to attend.
24. A thorough search of Edgar Allan Poe's correspon- dence has turned up not a single letter in which he
mentions his reputed morphine addiction. On the basis
of this evidence it is safe to say that Poe's reputation
for having been a morphine addict is undeserved and
that reports of his supposed addiction are untrue.
Which of the following is assumed by the argument
above?
(A) Reports claiming that Poe was addicted to mor- phine did not begin to circulate until after his
death.
(B) None of the reports of Poe's supposed morphine
addiction can be traced to individuals who actu- ally knew Poe.
(C) Poe's income from writing would not have been
sufficient to support a morphine addiction.
(D) Poe would have been unable to carry on an
extensive correspondence while under the
influence of morphine.
(E) Fear of the consequences would not have pre- vented Poe from indicating in his correspon- dence that he was addicted to morphine.
25. Adelle: The government's program to reduce the unemployment
rate in the province of Carthena by encouraging job
creation has failed, since the rate there has not changed
appreciably since the program began a year ago.
Fran: But the unemployment rate in Carthena had been rising
for three years before the program began, so the program
is helping.
Which of the following, if true, most strongly counters Fran's

objection to Adelle's argument?
(A) The government is advised by expert economists, some of
whom specialize in employment issues.
(B) The unemployment rate in the province of Carthena has
historically been higher than that of the country as a whole.
(C) The current government was elected by a wide margin, because
of its promises to reduce the unemployment rate in Carthena.
(D) Around the time the government program began, large
numbers of unemployed Carthena residents began leaving
the province to look for work elsewhere.
(E) The unemployment rate in Carthena had been relatively
stable until shortly before the current government took
office.

SECTION 3
Time –30 minutes
30 Questions
x 2 -1 = y
x = 3
1. y 2 80
The gross receipts from the sale of t tickets, at
$17 per ticket, total $16,660.
2. t 1,000
Points T and U are on a circle with center O
3. OT TU
A box contains 20 marbles all of which are solid
colored; 5 of the marbles are green and 10 of the
marbles are fed.
4. The probability that The probability that a
a marble selected at marble selected at ran- random form the box dom from the box will
will be green be neither red now green
5. Eleven thousand plus 11,111
eleven hundred plus
eleven
6. x 15
The cost c of an order of n special envelopes
is given by c= ($0.50)n + $ 15.00.
7. The cost of an order of $260
500 special envelopes
The average (arithmetic mean) of 7, 9, and x is
greater than 9.
8. x 11
a>0
9. a 5 4 2 40a
10.
53 . 0
27 . 0
053 . 0
027 . 0
GRE10-1
12
Each of the numbers x, y, w, and z (not neces
sarily distinct) can have any of the values 2, 3,
9, or14.
11.
y
x
wz
a = -219
12. a 7 + a15 a 8 + a14
13. x 2 + 2x + 1 x 2
a > h
14. d e
w, x, y, and z are consecutive positive integers
and w 15. The remainder when 1
(w +x)(x + y)(y + z)
is divided by 2
16. A certain machine drills 30 holes in 8 minutes.
At that constant rate, how many holes will 4 such
machines drill in 1
3
1
hours?
(A) 300
(B) 900
(C) 960
(D) 1,200
(E) 2,560
17. Tina, Ed, and Lauren agree to share the cost of a
gift and to make their contributions in proportion
to their ages. Ed’s age is
2
1
of Tina’s age, and
Lauren’s age is
3
1
of Ed’s age. If Lauren’s share
of the cost is $ 2.50, what is the cost of the gift?
(A) $25
(B) $20
(C) $15
(D) $12
(E) $10
18. Three solid cubes of lead, each with edges 10
centimeters long, are melted together in a level,
rectangular -shaped pan. The base of the pan has inside
dimensions of 20 centimeters by 30 centimeters, and
the pan is 15 centimeters deep. If the volume of the
solid lead is approximately the same as the volume of
the molted lead, approximately how many centimeters
deep is the melted lead in the pan?
(A) 2.5
(B) 3
(C) 5
(D) 7.5
(E) 9
19. Which of the following CANNOT be the sum of
two integers that have a product of 30?
(A) 31
(B) 17
(C) –11
(D) –13
(E) –21
20. In the rectangular coordinate system above, if
point (a, b), shown, and the two points (4a, b) and
(2a, 2b), not shown, were connected by straight
lines, then the area of the resulting triangular region,
in terms of a and b, would be
(A)
2
ab
(B) ab
(C)
2
3ab
(D) 2ab
(E) 4ab

Questions 21-22 refer to the following graph.
The top and bottom of each bar indicate, respectively, the highest and lowest daily number of shirts sold during
the month. The heavy line across each bar indicates the average (arithmetic mean) number of shirts sold per day
during the month.
21. What was the range in the daily number of shirts
sold during March?
(A) 20
(B) 45
(C) 50
(D) 60
(E) 70
22. The average (arithmetic mean)number of shirts
sold per day during February was approximately what
percent greater than the average number sold during
January?
(A) 10%
(B) 20%
(C) 30%
(D) 40%
(E) 70%
Questions 23-25 refer to the following graph.
23. For which two uses of electricity was the ratio of
the amounts of electricity used most nearly 3 to 1?
(A) Water heater and lights/small appliances
(B) Large appliances and lights/small appliances
(C) Air conditioner and water heater
(D) Air conditioner and lights/small appliances
(E) Air conditioner and large appliances
24. The electricity used by the water heater was
measured separately and its cost per kilowatt-hour was
one-half the cost per kilowatt-hour of the rest of the
electricity used. The cost of the electricity used by the
water heater was most nearly what fraction of the total
cost of all the electricity used?
(A)
11
1
(B)
9
1
(C)
8
1
(D)
5
1
(E) It cannot be determined from the information
given.
25. In November the Smythe household used the same
total amount of electricity as in July, but the water
heater used 33 percent of this total amount. By
approximately what percent did the amount of
electricity used by the water heater increase from July
to November?

GRE10-1
14
(A) 13%
(B) 33%
(C) 50%
(D) 65%
(E) 130%
26. One integer will be randomly selected from the
integers 11 to 60, inclusive. What is the probability
that the selected integer will be a perfect square or a
perfect cube?
(A) 0.1
(B) 0.125
(C) 0.16
(D) 0.5
(E) 0.9
27. The measures of two angles of a parallelogram
differ by 52 degrees. The number of degrees in the
smaller angle is
(A) 38
(B) 52
(C) 64
(D) 76
(E) 128
28. The odds in favor of winning a game can be found
by computing the ratio of the probability of wining to
the probability of not winning. if the probability that
Pat will win a game is
9
4
, what are the odds that Pat
will win the game?
(A) 4 to 5
(B) 4 to 9
(C) 5 to 4
(D) 5 to 9
(E) 9 to 5
29. If a, b, c, and d are consecutive integers such that
a (A) a + 4
(B) 2a + 3
(C) 3a + 2
(D) 3a + 3
(E) 3a +4
30. 2x + 2x =
(A) 2 1 x
(B) 2 2 x
(C) 2 x 2
(D) 4x
(E) 4 x 2

SECTION 4
Time –30 minutes
38 Questions
1. Since most if not all learning occurs through----,
relating one observation to another, it would be
strange indeed if the study of other cultures did not
also illuminate the study of our own.
(A) assumptions
(B) experiments
(C) comparisons
(D) repetitions
(E) impressions
2. The new ---- of knowledge has created ----
people: everyone believes that his or her subject
cannot and possibly should not be understood by
others.
(A) specialization.. barriers between
(B) decline.. associations among
(C) redundancy.. complacency in
(D) disrepute.. concern for
(E) promulgation.. ignorance among
3. If a species of parasite is to survive, the host organ- isms must live long enough for the parasite to
---- ; if the host species becomes----, so do its
parasites.
(A) atrophy.. healthy
(B) reproduce.. extinct
(C) disappear.. widespread
(D) succumb.. nonviable
(E) mate.. infertile
4. The author argues for serious treatment of such arts
as crochet and needlework, finding in too many art
historians a cultural blindness --- to their ----
textiles as a medium in which women artists pre- dominate.
(A) traceable.. prejudice against
(B) opposed.. distrust of
(C) referring.. need for
(D) reduced.. respect for
(E) corresponding.. expertise in
5. Those who fear the influence of television deliberately
------ its persuasive power, hoping that they
might keep knowledge of its potential to effect social
change from being widely disseminated.
(A) promote
(B) underplay
(C) excuse
(D) laud
(E) suspect
6. Because the high seriousness of their narratives
resulted in part from their metaphysics, Southern
writers were praised for their ---- bent.
(A) technical
(B) discursive
(C) hedonistic
(D) philosophical
(E) scientific
7. Far from being ----, Pat was always ---- to
appear acquiescent.
(A) unctuous.. loath
(B) brazen.. reluctant
(C) ignoble.. concerned
(D) obsequious.. eager
(E) gregarious.. willing
8. CHUCKLE: LAUGHING::
(A) uproar: shouting
(B) whisper: speaking
(C) hum: whistling
(D) lecture: conversing
(E) murmur: mimicking
9. PARAGRAPH: ESSAY::
(A) object: verb
(B) phrase: preposition
(C) interjection: parenthesis
(D) clause: sentence
(E) colloquialism: expression
10. STUPOR: ALERT::
(A) rebellion: defiant
(B) despair: hopeful
(C) expectation: unfulfilled
(D) circumspection: careful
(E) ennui: listless
GRE10-1
16
11. PAEAN: JOY::
(A) dirge: grief
(B) oratory: persuasion
(C) aria: opera
(D) chant: choir
(E) lecture: instruction
12. RENEGADE: ALLEGIANCE::
(A) revolutionary: reform
(B) aesthete: discernment
(C) apostate: faith
(D) politician: challenge
(E) criminal: imprisonment
13. DEVOTED: ZEALOUS::
(A) affectionate: demonstrative
(B) animated: lively
(C) rabid: extreme
(D) objective: indifferent
(E) careful: fastidious
14. VESTIGE: REMAINDER::
(A) figurine: statue
(B) knife: cutlery
(C) hub: wheel
(D) angle: slope
(E) inventory: goods
15. EPHEMERAL: ENDURE::
(A) insensitive: cooperate
(B) infirm: react
(C) ineffectual: proceed
(D) inelastic: stretch
(E) inflammable: ignite
16. MISDEMEANOR: CRIME::
(A) interview: conversation
(B) lapse: error
(C) oath: promise
(D) rebuke: criticism
(E) vendetta: feud
One explanation for the tendency of animals to be
more vigilant in smaller groups than in larger ones
assumes that the vigilant behavior— looking up, for
example— is aimed at predators. If individuals on the
(5) edge of a group are more vigilant because they are at
greater risk of being captured, then individuals on aver- age would have to be more vigilant in smaller groups,
because the animals on the periphery of a group form a
greater proportion of the whole group as the size of the
(10)group diminishes.
However, a different explanation is necessary in cases
where the vigilant behavior is not directed at predators.
J. Krebs has discovered that great blue herons look up
more often when in smaller flocks than when in larger
(15)ones, solely as a consequence of poor feeding conditions.
Krebs hypothesizes that the herons in smaller flocks are
watching for herons that they might follow to better
feeding pools, which usually attract larger numbers of
the birds.
17.It can be inferred from the passage that in species in
which vigilant behavior is directed at predators, the
tendency of the animals to be more vigilant in
smaller groups than in larger ones would most likely
be minimized if which of the following were true?
(A) The vigilance of animals on the periphery of a
group always exceeded that of animals located
in its interior, even when predators were not
in the area.
(B) The risk of capture for individuals in a group
was the same, whether they were located in
the interior of the group or on its periphery.
(C) Animals on the periphery of a group tended to
be less capable of defending themselves from
attack by predators than animals located in the
interior of the group.
(D) Animals on the periphery of a group tended to
bear marks that were more distinctive to
predators than animals located in the interior
of the group.
(E) Animals on the periphery of a group tended to
have shorter life spans than animals located in
the interior of the group.
18.Which of the following best describes the
relationship of the second paragraph to the first?
(A)The second paragraph relies on different
evidence in drawing a conclusion similar to
that expressed in the first paragraph.

(B)The second paragraph provides further
elaboration on why an assertion made at the
end of the first paragraph proves to be true in
most cases.
(C)The second paragraph provides additional
information in support of a hypothesis stated
in the first paragraph.
(D)The second paragraph provides an example of a
case in which the assumption described in the
first paragraph is unwarranted.
(E) The second paragraph describes a phenomenon
that has the same cause as the phenomenon
described in the first paragraph.
19.It can be inferred from the passage that the author
of the passage would be most likely to agree with
which of the following assertions about vigilant
behavior?
(A) The larger the group of animals, the higher the
probability that individuals in the interior of
the group will exhibit vigilant behavior.
(B) Vigilant behavior exhibited by individuals in
small groups is more effective at warding off
predators than the same behavior exhibited by
individuals in larger groups.
(C) Vigilant behavior is easier to analyze in species
that are preyed upon by many different
predators than in species that are preyed upon
by relatively few of them.
(D) The term "vigilant," when used in reference to
the behavior of animals, does not refer
exclusively to behavior aimed at avoiding
predators.
(E) The term "vigilant, " when used in reference to
the behavior of animals, usually refers to
behavior exhibited by large groups of animals.
20.The passage provides information in support of
which of the following assertions?
(A) The avoidance of predators is more important to
an animal's survival than is the quest for food.
(B) Vigilant behavior aimed at predators is seldom
more beneficial to groups of animals than to
individual animals.
(C) Different species of animals often develop
different strategies for dealing with predators.
(D) The size of a group of animals does not
necessarily reflect its success in finding food.
(E) Similar behavior in different species of animals
does not necessarily serve the same purpose.
The earliest controversies about the relationship
between photography and art centered on whether photo- graphy's fidelity to appearances and dependence on a
machine allowed it to be a fine art as distinct from
(5) merely a practical art. Throughout the nineteenth century,
the defense of photography was identical with the strug- gle to establish it as a fine art. Against the charge that
photography was a soulless, mechanical copying of real- ity, photographers asserted that it was instead a privileged
(10)way of seeing, a revolt against commonplace vision, and
no less worthy an art than painting.
Ironically, now that photography is securely established
as a fine art, many photographers find it pretentious or
irrelevant to label it as such. Serious photographers vari-
(15)ously claim to be finding, recording, impartially observ- ing, witnessing events, exploring themselves— anything
but making works of art. In the nineteenth century,
photography's association with the real world placed it
in an ambivalent relation to art; late in the twentieth
(20)century, an ambivalent relation exists because of the
Modernist heritage in art. That important photographers
are no longer willing to debate whether photography is
or is not a fine art, except to proclaim that their own
work is not involved with art, shows the extent to which
(25)they simply take for granted the concept of art imposed
by the triumph of Modernism: the better the art, the
more subversive it is of the traditional aims of art.
Photographers' disclaimers of any interest in making
art tell us more about the harried status of the contempo-
(30)rary notion of art than about whether photography is or
is not art. For example, those photographers who suppose
that, by taking pictures, they are getting away from the
pretensions of art as exemplified by painting remind us
of those Abstract Expressionist painters who imagined
(35)they were getting away from the intellectual austerity of
classical Modernist painting by concentrating on the
physical act of painting. Much of photography's prestige
today derives from the convergence of its aims with those
of recent art, particularly with the dismissal of abstract
(40)art implicit in the phenomenon of Pop painting during
the 1960's. Appreciating photographs is a relief to sensi-

bilities tired of the mental exertions demanded by
abstract art. Classical Modernist painting— that is,
abstract art as developed in different ways by Picasso,
(45)Kandinsky, and Matisse— presupposes highly developed
skills of looking and a familiarity with other paintings
and the history of art. Photography, like Pop painting,
reassures viewers that art is not hard; photography seems
to be more about its subjects than about art.
(50) Photography, however, has developed all the anxieties
and self-consciousness of a classic Modernist art. Many
professionals privately have begun to worry that the pro- motion of photography as an activity subversive of the
traditional pretensions of art has gone so far that the
(55)public will forget that photography is a distinctive and
exalted activity— in short, an art.
21.In the passage, the author is primarily concerned
with
(A) defining the Modernist attitude toward art
(B) explaining how photography emerged as a fine
art after the controversies of the nineteenth
century
(C) explaining the attitudes of serious contemporary
photographers toward photography as art and
placing those attitudes in their historical context
(D) defining the various approaches that serious
contemporary photographers take toward their
art and assessing the value of each of those
approaches
(E) identifying the ways that recent movements in
painting and sculpture have influenced the
techniques employed by serious photographers
22.Which of the following adjectives best describes
“the concept of art imposed by the triumph of
Modernism” as the author represents it in lines25-27?
(A) Objective
(B) Mechanical
(C) Superficial
(D) Dramatic
(E) Paradoxical
23. The author introduces Abstract Expressionist
painters (lines 34) in order to
(A) provide an example of artists who, like serious
contemporary photographers, disavowed
traditionally accepted aims of modern art
(B) call attention to artists whose works often bear
a physical resemblance to the works of serious
contemporary photographers
(C) set forth an analogy between the Abstract
Expressionist painters and classical Modernist
painters
(D) provide a contrast to Pop artists and others who
created works that exemplify the Modernist
heritage in art
(E) provide an explanation of why serious photog- raphy, like other contemporary visual forms,
is not and should not pretend to be an art
24.According to the author, the nineteenth--century
defenders of photography mentioned in the passage
stressed that photography was
(A) a means of making people familiar with remote
locales and unfamiliar things
(B) a technologically advanced activity
(C) a device for observing the world impartially
(D) an art comparable to painting
(E) an art that would eventually replace the
traditional arts
25.According to the passage, which of the following
best explains the reaction of serious contemporary
photographers to the question of whether photogra- phy is an art?
(A)The photographers' belief that their reliance on
an impersonal machine to produce their art
requires the surrender of the authority of their
personal vision
(B)The photographer s' fear that serious photography
may not be accepted as an art by the contem- porary art public
(C)The influence of Abstract Expressionist painting
and Pop Art on the subject matter of the mod- ern photograph
(D)The photographers' belief that the best art is
subversive of art as it has previously been
defined
(E)The notorious difficulty of defining art in its
relation to realistic representation

26.According to the passage, certain serious contempo- rary photographers expressly make which of the
following claims about their photographs?
(A)Their photographs could be created by almost
anyone who had a camera and the time to
devote to the activity.
(B)Their photographs are not examples of art but
are examples of the photographers' impartial
observation of the world.
(C)Their photographs are important because of
their subjects but not because of the responses
they evoke in viewers.
(D)Their photographs exhibit the same ageless
principles of form and shading that have been
used in painting.
(E) Their photographs represent a conscious glori- fication of the mechanical aspects of twentieth- century life.
27.It can be inferred from the passage that the author
most probably considers serious contemporary
photography to be a
(A) contemporary art that is struggling to be
accepted as fine art
(B) craft requiring sensitivity but by no means
an art
(C) mechanical copying of reality
(D) modern art that displays the Modernist tendency
to try to subvert the prevailing aims of art
(E) modern art that displays the tendency of all
Modernist art to become increasingly formal
and abstract
28.PREOCCUPATION:
(A) finality
(B) innocence
(C) liberality
(D) unconcern
(E) tolerance
29.CHROMATIC:
(A) opaque
(B) colorless
(C) lengthy
(D) profound
(E) diffuse
30.PEDESTRIAN:
(A) widely known
(B) strongly motivated
(C) discernible
(D) uncommon
(E) productive
31.EQUIVOCATE:
(A) communicate straightforwardly
(B) articulate persuasively
(C) instruct exhaustively
(D) study painstakingly
(E) reproach sternly
32.DENUDE:
(A) crowd out
(B) skim over
(C) change color
(D) cover
(E) sustain
33.RANCOR:
(A) deference
(B) optimism
(C) courage
(D) superiority
(E) goodwill
34. OSSIFIED:
(A) vulnerable to destruction
(B) subject to illusion
(C) worthy of consideration
(D) capable of repetition
(E) amenable to change
35. CONTROVERT:
(A) substantiate
(B) transform
(C) ameliorate
(D) simplify
(E) differentiate
36. PROTRACT:
(A) thrust
(B) reverse

(C) curtail
(D) disperse
(E) forestall
37. ABRADE:
(A) unfasten
(B) prolong
(C) augment
(D) extinguish
(E) transmit
38.APOLOGIST:
(A) egotist
(B) wrongdoer
(C) freethinker
(D) detractor
(E) spendthrift

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As you want I am here providing you sample paper of the GRE exam.

Sample paper:

1. While many Russian composers of the
nineteenth century contributed to an emerging
national style, other composers did not----
idiomatic Russian musical elements, ---- instead
the traditional musical vocabulary of Western
European Romanticism.
(A) utilize ..rejecting
(B) incorporate.. preferring
(C) exclude.. avoiding
(D) repudiate.. expanding
(E) esteem.. disdaining
2. Because the painter Albert Pinkham Ryder was
obsessed with his ----perfection, he was rarely
----a painting, creating endless variations of a
scene on one canvas, one on top of another.
(A) quest for.. satisfied with
(B) insistence on .. displeased with
(C) contempt for.. disconcerted by
(D) alienation from.. immersed in
(E) need for.. concerned with
3. Objectively set standards can serve as a ----for
physicians, providing them ----unjustified
malpractice claims.
(A) trial.. evidence of
(B) model.. experience with
(C) criterion.. reasons for
(D) test.. questions about
(E) safeguard.. protection from
4. In spite of ----reviews in the press, the
production of her play was ----almost certain
oblivion by enthusiastic audiences whose
acumen was greater than that of the critics.
(A) lukewarm.. condemned to
(B) scathing.. exposed to
(C) lackluster.. rescued from
(D) sensitive.. reduced to
(E) admiring.. insured against


5. The passions of love and pride are often found
in the same individual, but having little in
common, they mutually ----, not to say destroy,
each other.
(A) reinforce
(B) annihilate
(C) enhance
(D) weaken
(E) embrace
6. The necessity of establishing discrete categories
for observations frequently leads to attempts to
make absolute ----when there are in reality
only----.
(A) analyses.. hypotheses
(B) correlations.. digressions
(C) distinctions.. gradations
(D) complications.. ambiguities
(E) conjectures.. approximations
7. A unique clay disk found at the Minoan site of
Phaistos is often ----as the earliest example of
printing by scholars who have defended its claim
to this status despite equivalent claims put
forward for other printing artifacts.
(A) questioned
(B) overlooked
(C) adduced
(D) conceded
(E) dismissed
8. EXEMPT: LIABILITY::
(A) flout: authority
(B) bestow: reward
(C) permit: request
(D) restrain: disorder
(E) pardon: penalty
9. FULL-BODIED: FLAVOR::
(A) penetrating: vision
(B) humorous: character
(C) salacious: language
(D) nostalgic: feeling
(E) resonant: sound

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